NO x and VOC Control and Its Effects on the Formation of Aerosols

Nguyen, Khanh Ngoc; Dabdub, Donald

doi:10.1080/02786820252883801

Cited by 56 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Previous studies have attempted to quantify the effects of altering NO x and VOC emission scaling factors on the formation of aerosol pollutants and the reduction of ozone (Winner et al, 1995;Meng et al, 1997;Nguyen and Dabdub, 2002). In this study, multiple day summer smog episodes are simulated while accounting for all feasible combinations of NO x and VOC emission ratios.…”

Section: Effect Of Emission Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final concentrations after these two days are then used as initial conditions for the same two-day simulation with aerosol phase chemistry included in the simulation. Previous studies have shown that this technique reduces irregularities caused by initial conditions up to 90% after 2 days of simulation (Nguyen and Dabdub, 2002). The first set of two days is used to spin-up the effect of emissions and the photoexcitation reactions.…”

Section: Baseline Air Quality Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO<sub>2</sub> on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California

2010

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Abstract.A new path for hydroxyl radical formation via photo-excitation of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and the reaction of photo-excited NO 2 with water is evaluated using the UCI-CIT model for the South Coast Air Basin of California (So-CAB). Two separate studies predict different reaction rates, which differ by nearly an order of magnitude, for the reaction of photo-excited NO 2 with water. Impacts of this new chemical mechanism on ozone and particulate matter formation, while utilizing both reaction rates, are quantified by simulating two summer episodes. First, sensitivity simulations are conducted to evaluate the uncertainty in the rate of reaction of photo-excited NO 2 with water reported in the literature. Results indicate that the addition of photo-excited NO 2 chemistry increases peak 8-h average ozone and particulate matter concentrations.The importance of this new chemistry is then evaluated in the context of pollution control strategies. A series of simulations are conducted to generate isopleths for ozone and particulate matter concentrations, varying baseline nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions. Isopleths are obtained using 1987 emissions, to represent past conditions, and 2005, to represent current conditions in the SoCAB. Results show that the sensitivity of modeled pollutant control strategies due to photoexcitation decreases with the decrease in baseline emissions from 1987 to 2005. Results show that including NO 2 photo-excitation, increases the sensitivity of ozone concentration with respect to changes in NO x emissions for both years. In particular, decreasing NO x emissions in 2005 when NO 2 photo-excitation is included, while utilizing the higher reaction rate, leads to ozone relative reduction factors that are 15% lower than in a case without photo-excited NO 2 . This implies that photoexcitation increases the effectiveness in reducing ozone through Correspondence to: D. Dabdub (ddabdub@uci.edu) NO x emissions reductions alone, which has implications for the assessment of future emission control strategies. However, there is still disagreement with respect to the reaction rate constant for the formation of OH. Therefore, further studies are required to reduce the uncertainty in the reaction rate constant before this new mechanism is fully implemented in regulatory applications.

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Section: Effect Of Emission Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Baseline Air Quality Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO<sub>2</sub> on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California

2010

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“…However, formation of nitrates in the SoCAB is directly related to the availability of ammonia, as suggested by Nguyen and Dabdub (2002). Hence, the largest increases in PM 2.5 occur downstream from Huntington Beach power plant location, because there are high emissions of ammonia released downwind from that location.…”

Section: Spatial Sensitivity Of Air Quality Impactsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The UCI-CIT model stems from the CIT model developed by McRae and Seinfeld (1982) and incorporates later developments in chemistry (Harley et al, 1993;Griffin et al, 2002a), in aerosol formation (Meng et al, 1998;Pun et al, 2002;Griffin et al, 2002bGriffin et al, , 2003, in new numerical solution of advection (Nguyen and Dabdub, 2001). The UCI-CIT model has been applied extensively to study the air quality of the SoCAB (Griffin et al, 2002a;Nguyen and Dabdub, 2002;CarrerasSospedra et al, 2006). The computational domain for this study, shown in Fig.…”

Section: Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central power generation versus distributed generation – An air quality assessment in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Carreras-Sospedra

Vutukuru

Brouwer

et al. 2010

Atmospheric Environment

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a b s t r a c tThis study assesses the air quality impacts of central power generation and compares them with the impacts of distributed generation (DG). The central power plant emissions factors used are from a newly installed combined cycle gas turbine system. Because location of power plants is a key parameter affecting air quality impacts, this study considers three potential locations for the installation of central power plants. Air quality impacts are evaluated for the South Coast Air Basin of California, in the year 2010, using a three-dimensional air quality model. Results are compared to air quality impacts from two potential DG scenarios to meet the same power demand as that of the central power plant case.Even though emissions from central generation are lower than emissions from the DG technology mix considered herein, central generation concentrates emissions in a small area, whereas DG spreads emissions throughout a larger cross-section of the air basin. As a result, air quality impacts from central generation are more significant than those from DG. The study also shows that assessment of air quality impacts from distributed and central generation should not only consider emissions levels, but also the spatial and temporal distribution of emissions and the air quality that results from atmospheric chemistry and transport e highly non-linear processes.Finally, analysis of population exposure to ozone and PM 2.5 shows that central generation located in coastal areas upwind from populated areas would cause the highest population exposure and even though emissions from central generation are considerably lower than DG emissions spread throughout the basin, results show that central generation causes a higher pollutant exposure than DG.

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“…The UCI-CIT model utilizes an expanded version of the Caltech atmospheric chemical mechanism (CACM; Dawson et al, 2016;Griffin et al, 2002aGriffin et al, , b, 2005 and has been used in numerous other studies to simulate air quality in the SoCAB (Carreras-Sospedra et al, 2006;Carreras-Sospedra et al, 2010;Chang et al, 2010;Nguyen and Dabdub, 2002). The CACM includes a comprehensive treatment of SOA known as the Model to Predict the Multiphase Partitioning of Organics (MPMPO) .…”

Section: Modelling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary organic aerosol from atmospheric photooxidation of indole

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Indole is a heterocyclic compound emitted by various plant species under stressed conditions or during flowering events. The formation, optical properties, and chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed by low-NO x photooxidation of indole were investigated. The SOA yield (1.3 ± 0.3) was estimated from measuring the particle mass concentration with a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and correcting it for wall loss effects. The high value of the SOA mass yield suggests that most oxidized indole products eventually end up in the particle phase. The SOA particles were collected on filters and analysed offline with UV-vis spectrophotometry to measure the mass absorption coefficient (MAC) of the bulk sample. The samples were visibly brown and had MAC values of ∼ 2 m 2 g −1 at λ = 300 nm and ∼ 0.5 m 2 g −1 at λ = 400 nm, comparable to strongly absorbing brown carbon emitted from biomass burning. The chemical composition of SOA was examined with several mass spectrometry methods. Direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) and nanospray desorption electrospray high-resolution mass spectrometry (nano-DESI-HRMS) were both used to provide information about the overall distribution of SOA compounds. High-performance liquid chromatography, coupled to photodiode array spectrophotometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-HRMS), was used to identify chromophoric compounds that are responsible for the brown colour of SOA. Indole derivatives, such as tryptanthrin, indirubin, indigo dye, and indoxyl red, were found to contribute significantly to the visible absorption spectrum of indole SOA. The potential effect of indole SOA on air quality was explored with an airshed model, which found elevated concentrations of indole SOA during the afternoon hours contributing considerably to the total organic aerosol under selected scenarios. Because of its high MAC values, indole SOA can contribute to decreased visibility and poor air quality.

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NO x and VOC Control and Its Effects on the Formation of Aerosols

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO<sub>2</sub> on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO<sub>2</sub> on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Central power generation versus distributed generation – An air quality assessment in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Secondary organic aerosol from atmospheric photooxidation of indole

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NO x and VOC Control and Its Effects on the Formation of Aerosols

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Central power generation versus distributed generation – An air quality assessment in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Secondary organic aerosol from atmospheric photooxidation of indole

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Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO<sub>2</sub> on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California

Impacts of electronically photo-excited NO<sub>2</sub> on air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin of California