“…ABO 3 perovskite-type oxides, with A = rare earth and B = transition metal ion [1], have been extensively studied for various advanced technological applications, such as catalysts [2,3], fuel cells [4], Li-O 2 batteries [5], magnetic materials [6], electrode [7], and gas sensors [8][9][10][11]. This is because that the ABO 3 perovskite structure is usually with structural defects due to fluctuations between the two stable oxidation states of iron; which causes the electrical balance by insertion in the lattice of O 2 − from environmental O 2 or the occurrence of oxygen vacancies [12], ABO 3 perovskite-type oxides always show superior properties in many applications.…”