Nocardia gamkensis sp. nov.

Abstract

A novel actinomycete, strain CZH20(T), was isolated from a soil sample taken from the banks of the Gamka River in the Swartberg Nature Reserve, Western Cape Province, South Africa. Strain CZH20(T) was identified as a member of the genus Nocardia by a polyphasic approach. Strain CZH20(T) could be differentiated from other members of the genus Nocardia on the basis of physiology and 16S-rRNA gene sequence analysis. It exhibited weak antibiosis against Mycobacterium aurum A+. Organic solvent extracts of the culture filtrate and mycelial mass of CZH20(T) exhibited moderate antibiotic activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis LR222 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The name Nocardia gamkensis is proposed, with the type strain CZH20(T) (=DSM 44956(T) =NRRL B-24450(T)).

Genome based analyses reveals the presence of heterotypic synonyms and subspecies in Bacteria and Archaea

“…The type strain is SERB T (=ATCC 51869 T = DSM 9442 T = SEBR 6459 T ). The description is as given for Nocardia gamkensis [115]. The G+C content of the type strain genome is 68.4 % and the approximate genome size is 7.71 Mbp.…”

Genomic Virulence Features of Two Novel Species Nocardia barduliensis sp. nov. and Nocardia gipuzkoensis sp. nov., Isolated from Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Diseases

“…The 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree’s topology is contradictory to the genome-based phylogeny ( Figure 1 B) in which isolates 335427 T and 234509 T formed well-supported subclades with N. asiatica NBRC 100129 T and N. abscessus NBRC 100374 T , respectively. The clade housing these strains was next to the one which encompasses mainly clinical Nocardia species which are classified as risk group 2 bacteria (RG2): Nocardia araoensis NBRC 100135 T (isolated from human) [ 56 ], Nocardia beijingensis NBRC 16342 T (isolated from mud but members of this species were also found in human infectious samples) [ 57 , 58 ], Nocardia niwae DSM 45340 T (isolated from lung biopsy) [ 59 ], Nocardia arthritidis NBRC 100137 T (isolated from human sputum) [ 60 ], Nocardia exalbida NBRC 100660 T ( isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage of a patient with lung nocardiosis) [ 61 ] and Nocardia gamkensis NBRC 108242 T (isolated from soil) [ 62 ]. It has been reported that all these species were involved in human disease (except N. gamkensis ) and they clustered together based on different phylogenetic studies [ 63 , 64 ].…”

Nocardia arthritidis as a cause of disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

“…The AST minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC (μg/mL)) results for both case isolates were: amoxicillin/clavulanate ≥128/64 (Resistant (RR)); ceftriaxone ≤4 (Susceptible (SS)); ciprofloxacin ≥8 (RR); clarithromycin 4 (Intermediate); imipenem ≤4 (SS); tobramycin ≤1 (SS); and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole ≤0.25/4.8 (SS). The AST profiles and the corresponding drug patterns were inconsistent with the Type I drug susceptibility pattern for N. abscessus complex [1] and neither a drug pattern nor antimicrobial susceptibilities had been described for N. gamkensis [2] , [3] . Interestingly, N. gamkensis has yet to be reported in association with human disease, with the original isolates being discovered in soil removed from the Gamka River in Western Cape Province, South Africa [3] .…”

“…The AST profiles and the corresponding drug patterns were inconsistent with the Type I drug susceptibility pattern for N. abscessus complex [1] and neither a drug pattern nor antimicrobial susceptibilities had been described for N. gamkensis [2] , [3] . Interestingly, N. gamkensis has yet to be reported in association with human disease, with the original isolates being discovered in soil removed from the Gamka River in Western Cape Province, South Africa [3] . Based on the AST pattern, additional analyses were pursued to confirm the species level identification.…”