“…Given the importance of movement tracking of laboratory animals, numerous open-source programs and commercial systems have been developed for recording and analyzing animal behavior, such as Limelight (Actimetrics, USA) (Jimenez et al, 2018;Ishii et al, 2019;Takemoto and Song, 2019), ANY-maze (Stoelting Co, USA) (Morin and Studholme, 2011;Rodrigues et al, 2019;Feng et al, 2020;Scarsi et al, 2020), Ethovision R XT (Noldus, The Netherlands) (Noldus et al, 2001;Yu et al, 2020), TopScan (Clever Sys Inc., USA) (Grech et al, 2019;Griffiths et al, 2019), Super-maze (Shanghai Xinruan information Technology Co., China) (Hao et al, 2012;Qiao et al, 2017), and others (Samson et al, 2015;Gulyás et al, 2016;Bello-Arroyo et al, 2018;Hewitt et al, 2018). In previous studies, motion tracking in videos captured by the video camera is the most common and low-cost approach to achieve tracking of multiple parameters.…”