Nocturnal flight activities of the female Asian gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Iwaizumi, Ren; Arakawa, Kenryo; Koshio, Chiharu

doi:10.1303/aez.2010.121

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Moths are recognized for their high capacity for evasiveness during flight, having the ability to quickly initiate flight, attain varying speeds and change direction rapidly and erratically 46 . Moths are also heterothermic, which means they cannot perform these energy-consuming activities efficiently at low ambient temperatures 47 . As a result, AGM likely need to control their body temperature with high precision through various regulatory mechanisms in order to fly 48 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of LINEs and species-specific DNA repeats drives genome expansion in Asian Gypsy Moths

Hébert

Freschi

Blackburn

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Two subspecies of Asian gypsy moth (AGM), Lymantria dispar asiatica and L. dispar japonica, pose a serious alien invasive threat to North American forests. Despite decades of research on the ecology and biology of this pest, limited AGM-specific genomic resources are currently available. Here, we report on the genome sequences and functional content of these AGM subspecies. The genomes of L.d. asiatica and L.d. japonica are the largest lepidopteran genomes sequenced to date, totaling 921 and 999 megabases, respectively. Large genome size in these subspecies is driven by the accumulation of specific classes of repeats. Genome-wide metabolic pathway reconstructions suggest strong genomic signatures of energy-related pathways in both subspecies, dominated by metabolic functions related to thermogenesis. The genome sequences reported here will provide tools for probing the molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic traits that are thought to enhance AGM invasiveness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of LINEs and species-specific DNA repeats drives genome expansion in Asian Gypsy Moths

Hébert

Freschi

Blackburn

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…The uniform mtDNA structure of West Siberian gypsy moth populations could be explained by broad spreading of females. The best gypsy moth flyers inhabit Far East populations, where their maximum activity is estimated to be in range 1–10 km per season [18–19]. Rozkhov and Vasilyeva noted the extremely high flight abilities of L. dispar females in Siberian population [47], however, our observations over a 20-year period (Martemyanov personal observation) including several population peaks, and data published earlier [16], registered only short distance flights of female moths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum of L . dispar female despersal does not exceed 10 km/season [16, 17, 18, 19, 20]. On the other hand, we observed the rate of pest outbreak movement in West Siberia plain was 100–200 km/season, which means there are additional reasons for outbreak movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Genetic evidence of broad spreading of Lymantria dispar in the West Siberian Plain

et al. 2019

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Gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L. 1758 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) is one of the most dangerous forest pests of the Holarctic region. Outbreaks of gypsy moth populations lead to significant defoliation of local forests. Within the vast territory of the West Siberian Plain, we noted the outbreak front movement in the north-east direction with a speed 100–200 km per year. The reason for the outbreak’s movement is still unclear because L . dispar females are characterised by limited flight ability, which is not enough to support that movement per se . Herein, we analysed the mtDNA divergence pattern among L . dispar populations collected from the vast territory of the West Siberian Plain to determine the boundaries of populations and reveal the effect of the outbreak’s front movement on mtDNA patterns of populations. The 590-bp region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene of the mitochondrial genome was sequenced for 220 specimens that were collected from 18 localities along a transect line (~ 1400 km). Our results clearly show that the gypsy moth populations of the vast Siberian territory are not subdivided. This result can be explained by extensive genetic exchange among local populations. Taking into account that the flight ability of L . dispar females is rather limited, we suggest that spreading occurs through ballooning of early instar larvae. This hypothesis was confirmed by the coincidence of the outbreaks’ movement direction with that of the dominant winds, complemented by the observation of ballooned larvae far from a forest edge.

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“…Our field observations suggest that larvae prefer to feed on small, soft-leaved trees, which is in contrast to their oviposition sites, suggesting that proximity to a suitable feeding site may also be an important factor influencing oviposition site selection by JGM. In association with maternal survival, behaviors of mated females to select oviposition sites and of virgin females to select mating sites also affect female survival, copulation success, and subsequent oviposition site selection (Koshio 1996;Iwaizumi et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the flightless females of the EGM, females of the AGM and JGM are flight capable and their larvae are more polyphagous than the European strain (Keena et al 2008;Iwaizumi et al 2010). There is heightened interest in the ecology and population dynamics of AGM and JGM to prevent their introduction and spread in North America, as well as in Australasia (Barlow et al 2000;Matsuki et al 2001;Peterson et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition site selection by Japanese gypsy moth (Lymatria dispar japonica) in a warm-temperate secondary forest in western Japan

Sasaki

Jikumaru²,

Azuma

et al. 2016

Forest Science and Technology

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The larvae of Japanese gypsy moth (JGM, Lymantria dispar japonica) are highly polyphagous and considered a serious pest that cause significant ecological and economic losses in forests. Monitoring of egg masses is important to prevent large outbreaks of JGM from occurring in their native range. To investigate oviposition site selection by JGM, we analyzed the occurrence and spatial distribution of egg masses across various evergreen tree species within a secondary forest dominated by evergreen broad-leaved trees in western Japan, following a large outbreak. Egg masses were concentrated on the abaxial surfaces of the leaves of a few evergreen tree species. There was a strong preference for Camellia japonica L., on which more than 75% of the egg masses were found. Egg masses were only found on evergreen tree species with large leaves (leaf area >10 cm 2 and leaf dry mass >0.1 g). The spatial distribution of egg masses were clustered at scales around 1-2 m. For effective monitoring of JGM egg masses in warm-temperate evergreen broad-leaved forests of Japan, the abaxial surfaces of the most abundant evergreen broadleaved trees with large leaves should be checked. If egg masses are found, it is likely that nearby trees of the same species will also have egg masses. Large trees should be checked thoroughly for occurrence of multiple egg masses.

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Nocturnal flight activities of the female Asian gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Expansion of LINEs and species-specific DNA repeats drives genome expansion in Asian Gypsy Moths

Expansion of LINEs and species-specific DNA repeats drives genome expansion in Asian Gypsy Moths

Genetic evidence of broad spreading of Lymantria dispar in the West Siberian Plain

Oviposition site selection by Japanese gypsy moth (Lymatria dispar japonica) in a warm-temperate secondary forest in western Japan

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