Nodal wear model: corrosion in carbon blast furnace hearths

González, Luis Felipe Verdeja; González, R.; Alfonso, Adriana Gordillo

doi:10.3989/revmetalm.2003.v39.i3.328

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Entre las coladas 62 y 80, el mecanismo responsable de la mayoría del desgaste es la Fatiga Térmica (ecuación [3]). Se desprenden súbitamente 40 mm.…”

Section: Resultados Experimentalesunclassified

“…La derivación de la ecuación que representa la magnitud del avance de una grieta en la intercara costra -refractario, Figura 3, a partir de un defecto preexistente en el material (poros), ∆a, tiene su fundamento en un balance energético: la energía necesaria para crear una nueva intercara sólido -gas ( que depende del valor de la energía superficial, γ sg , y de la microestructura, A/V, área -volumen de la matriz y el disperso del refractario) es igual al trabajo de las fuerzas desarrolladas en la intercara costra -refractario que aparecen como consecuencia de los ciclos térmicos del sistema, N, y de las distintas propiedades termo -mecánicas de los materiales que conforman la costra y el refractario ( ver características de los símbolos utilizados por la ecuación [3] en la Figura 3): [3] en donde C, es una constante de proporcionalidad adimensional correctora de todas aquellas simplificaciones introducidas en la derivación de la expresión [3]. …”

Section: Mecanismo De Fatiga Térmicaunclassified

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Aplicación del MDN al estudio de la corrosión de los convertidores Peirce - Smith

González¹,

Parra²,

Parada³

et al. 2004

Bol. Soc. Esp. Ceram. Vidr.

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El Modelo de Desgaste Nodal (MDN) constituye una herramienta de trabajo aplicable al estudio de los procesos de corrosión diferencial en los convertidores Peirce -Smith (CPS) con el propósito de alcanzar mejoras significativas en duración y productividad de las diferentes alternativas que se puedan manejar del revestimiento. La aplicación del MDN al CPS precisa del conocimiento de los mecanismos de desgaste existentes y la definición de las ecuaciones de corrosión. Con el MDN se interpretan los resultados de corrosión en la zona de toberas del CPS.Palabras Clave: Convertidor Peirce-Smith. Desgaste. Modelo de Desgaste Nodal. Nodal Wear Model in the corrosion Peirce -Smith copper convertorThe Nodal Wear Model (NWM) constitutes a tool of applicable work study the processes of differential corrosion in the Peirce -Smith convertor (PSC) with the purpose of reaching significant improvements in duration and productivity of the several alternatives that one could utilize of the coating. For the application of the NWM to CPS is necessary of the knowledge the mechanisms of existent waste and the definition of the corrosion equations. With the NWM the outputs of corrosion in the tuyere zone of CPS are interpreted. Key words: Peirce -Smith convertor. Corrosion. Nodal Wear Model (NWM). INTRODUCCIÓNUno de los procesos básicos de la pirometalurgia del cobre consiste en el tratamiento de la mata de cobre o del metal blanco en cobre blister en los convertidores Peirce-Smith (CPS) ,Figura 1. El aumento de la productividad de las instalaciones pirometalúrgicas de obtención de cobre gravita en la transformación discontinua de las operaciones en labores semicontinuas o continuas. Bajo estas circunstancias, los materiales utilizados para los revestimientos han de ser capaces de garantizar un mínimo de horas de trabajo bajo condiciones de máxi-mo esfuerzo térmico.Se desarrolla en el trabajo las primeras propuestas de las ecuaciones de corrosión que puedan incorporarse al estudio del desgaste del CPS siguiendo el sistema de cálculo que ofrece el MDN (1), (2) y (3). EL MODELO DE DESGASTE NODAL: FUNDAMEN-TOS TEÓRICOSLa determinación en estado estacionario del perfil térmico del revestimiento refractario de un convertidor permite conocer la temperatura en la interfase fundido/refractario (nodal) partiendo de unas condiciones límites conocidas, Figura 2. La temperatura o flujo de calor a lo largo de la coraza externa del CPS es una de las condiciones límites del problema y que además puede ser medida de forma experimental. Otra condición de contorno necesaria para la solución del problema térmico hace referencia al coeficiente de transporte convectivo, h , entre el fundido y el refractario. Este coeficiente puede calcularse de forma empírica, por ejemplo, conociendo los valores de que alcanza la temperatura en diferentes alturas del revestimiento. Con estos datos, en estado estacionario se determina, conociendo la conductividad tér-mica de los materiales, el flujo de calor en el refractario y por lo tanto el que se transmite desde el fundi...

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“…Entre las coladas 62 y 80, el mecanismo responsable de la mayoría del desgaste es la Fatiga Térmica (ecuación [3]). Se desprenden súbitamente 40 mm.…”

Section: Resultados Experimentalesunclassified

Section: Mecanismo De Fatiga Térmicaunclassified

Aplicación del MDN al estudio de la corrosión de los convertidores Peirce - Smith

González¹,

Parra²,

Parada³

et al. 2004

Bol. Soc. Esp. Ceram. Vidr.

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“…The wear mechanisms for carbon hearth lining of blast furnaces were reported in the lecture, but it is mainly present as isolated variables. It occurs in function of the high complex real process of hot metal in blast furnaces 2,3 . In this way, post mortem analyses are an important tool to bring a new over view of the real complex wear process that is responsible for total lifetime of this refractory system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the furnace campaign, the refractory lining suffers mechanical and chemical stress such as: oxidation, corrosion by alkalis, disintegration by CO, erosion and dissolution by intense flux of hot metal and slag, liquid penetration (hot metal and slag), infiltration of gaseous phase (alkali vapor and/or carbon monoxide) and thermal stress 2,3,4 . Both the liquid penetration and the hot gaseous infiltration are allowed through the open porosity this refractory material 5,6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blast Furnace Hearth Lining: Post Mortem Analysis

et al. 2017

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The main refractory lining of blast furnace hearth is composed by carbon blocks that operates in continuous contact with hot gases, liquid slag and hot metal, in temperatures above 1550 ºC for 24 hours a day. To fully understand the wear mechanism that acts in this refractory layer system it was performed a Post Mortem study during the last partial repair of this furnace. The samples were collected from different parts of the hearth lining and characterized using the following techniques: Bulk Density and Apparent Porosity, X-Ray Fluorescence, X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. The results showed that the carbon blocks located at the opposite side of the blast furnace tap hole kept its main physicochemical characteristics preserved even after the production of 20x10 6 ton of hot metal. However, the carbon blocks around the Tap Hole showed infiltration by hot metal and slag and it presents a severe deposition of zinc and sulfur over its carbon flakes. The presence of these elements is undesired because it reduces the physic-chemical stability of this refractory system. This deposition found in the carbon refractory is associated with impurities present in the both coke and the sinter feed used in this blast furnace in the last few years.

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“…[1][2][3] The Nodal Wear Model NWM, has the objective to systematize a new line of knowledge and work in the corrosion of the refractory and ceramic materials in contact with corrosive fluids (metals, mattes and slags). Although the NWM has been initially developed in the study of corrosion profiles in a blast furnace, [4][5][6] it constitutes in itself a new tool for the knowledge of mechanisms involved in the wear of materials and provides an appropriate way to solve all those similar problems that the Pyrometallurgical Processes outlines to the modern Materials Science.The last years have shown a strong increase in the demand of ferritics products with very low carbon content. The ferroalloys that are needed to carry out the corresponding chemical adjustment in the secondary metallurgy have lower and lower carbon content specifications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Mechanism and Wear Prediction of the Sole of an Electric Arc Furnace.

et al. 2003

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The solution of the corrosion problems in an electric arc furnace, like in most of the metallurgical reactors, has left overcoming through the repetition of trial and error tests. The basic knowledge of corrosion mechanisms is still very limited and does not allow to structure a specific analysis for each problem and thus to obtain qualitative and quantitative answers to scientific, technical and industrial problems. [1][2][3] The Nodal Wear Model NWM, has the objective to systematize a new line of knowledge and work in the corrosion of the refractory and ceramic materials in contact with corrosive fluids (metals, mattes and slags). Although the NWM has been initially developed in the study of corrosion profiles in a blast furnace, [4][5][6] it constitutes in itself a new tool for the knowledge of mechanisms involved in the wear of materials and provides an appropriate way to solve all those similar problems that the Pyrometallurgical Processes outlines to the modern Materials Science.The last years have shown a strong increase in the demand of ferritics products with very low carbon content. The ferroalloys that are needed to carry out the corresponding chemical adjustment in the secondary metallurgy have lower and lower carbon content specifications.The classical procedure for the fabrication of low carbon ferromanganese is shown in Fig. 1. In a first step, the manganese oxide from the feed (pirolusite, MnO 2 ) is reduced by a carbothermic reduction in an electric arc furnace. The ISIJ International, Vol. 43 (2003), No. 2, © September 28, 2002 ) There are many alternatives for the refractory lining in the sole of an electric arc furnace that produces refined ferromanganese, Fe-Mn (80 % with low carbon content, %CϽ1.5). Empiric approaches have usually been used for the design. Even though they allowed increasing the number of tapping, they are not base in a quantitative prediction of the wearing from the knowledge of a corrosion mechanism.This paper presents a quantitative prediction for the corrosion processes in two basic soles using the mathematical formulation of the Nodal Wear Model (NWM). In both cases, the equations that describe the corrosion are established and applied, according to the control mechanism of the corrosion, in each node of a Finite Element Model (FEM) grid of the refractory lining is in contact interface with the liquid ferroalloy.When the sole formed by a magnesite castable refractory (with a minimum content of 95% periclase), the penetration of the molten phase through the open porosity of the refractory controls the corrosion. In the case of a dolomitic sole (75 % MgO, 20 % CaO, 0.60 % SiO 2 , 3.80 % Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 ϭ0.30 %), the corrosion rate is controlled by the diffusion of silicon, one of the active components of the refractory matrix, from each interfacial node in the sole to the molten phase.KEY WORDS: wearing; electric arc furnace; ferromanganese; mathematical modeling. molten alloy produced has about mass 75 % of Mn, and the carbon can reach up to 4 %.To reduce the ca...

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Nodal wear model: corrosion in carbon blast furnace hearths

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Aplicación del MDN al estudio de la corrosión de los convertidores Peirce - Smith

Aplicación del MDN al estudio de la corrosión de los convertidores Peirce - Smith

Blast Furnace Hearth Lining: Post Mortem Analysis

Corrosion Mechanism and Wear Prediction of the Sole of an Electric Arc Furnace.

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