Nogier Reflex: Physiological and Experimental Results in Auricular Medicine–A New Hypothesis

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

et al. 2022

Introduction. Acute pain is a prevalent problem for dementia residents in nursing homes. A variety of intervention strategies have been applied to address this problem. However, there remains an issue of inadequate pain control. This study aims to explore the analgesic efficacy of auricular acupressure (AA) for dementia residents with acute pain in nursing homes. Methods. A multicenter, single-blind, randomized, and sham-controlled clinical trial was performed in three nursing homes in Yinchuan, China. All of the 206 eligible patients with acute pain were randomly divided into two groups for real AA therapy or sham AA (at sham point stimulation) therapy. The primary outcome was measured with a face pain scale revised (FPS-R) score before the procedure, 5 min after the start of the intervention, and 5 min after finishing the procedure. Secondary outcomes covered three physiological parameters, adverse reactions observed, satisfaction level of caregivers, acceptance of patients, and additional use of analgesics. Results. There was a significant difference in pain scores based on FPS-R between the two groups ( p < 0.01 ). Pain score in the true AA group was 1.84 ± 0.23, compared with 2.22 ± 0.81 in the sham AA group. No adverse events were found during the whole procedure for all patients. The satisfaction level of caregivers and acceptance of patients in the real AA group were significantly higher than those in the sham AA group. Conclusion. This study shows that real AA was an alternative analgesic modality in reducing acute pain in patients with mild dementia.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Auricular Acupressure on Acute Pain in Nursing Home Residents with Mild Dementia: A Single-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study

Junhui

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

et al. 2022

“…The intervention group will be planned to receive auricular-plaster therapy, with one piece of Semen Vaccariae® (about 2 mm in diameter, Taicheng Technology and Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) attaching to the center of a piece of medical adhesive tape (6 mm × 6 mm). This study initially selected four active acupoints including shenmen (TF4), subcortex (AT4), adrenal (TG2P), and two auricular points corresponding to pain sites based on the Nogier auricular point diagram for managing pain [ 22 ]. A researcher will bring the required items to the participants’ bedside and assist them in taking the position that is easy to operate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic effect of auricular point acupressure for acute pain in patients with dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Chai

Shi

et al. 2022

Trials

Background Common and frequent as acute pain is, it is often underestimated and undertreated in older people with dementia in nursing homes and inadequate pain management remains an issue. Methods The study is designed to be a randomized, sham-controlled trial and is underway in nursing homes located in China. A total of 206 dementia patients are being recruited from nursing homes in Yinchuan, China. They are randomly allocated to an intervention or a controlled group in a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group will be treated with true APP therapy, while the other group will receive APP at sham point stimulation therapy. The patients will be assessed at baseline (T0), at 5 min during performing the intervention (T1), and at 5 min after completion of the intervention (T2). The primary outcome is the level of pain relief at T1 and T2. Physiological parameters, side effects and additional use of analgesics during the procedure, satisfaction from caregivers, and acceptance of patients are evaluated as secondary outcomes. Discussion The results of this study are expected to verify the analgesic effect of APP for acute pain in patients with mild dementia in nursing homes. It has the potential to prompt APP therapy to be implemented widely in dementia patients with acute pain in nursing homes. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100047932. Registered on 27 June 2021. Currently, patient recruitment is ongoing. Recruitment is expected to take place from December 2020 to December 2021.

“…Simultaneously, the use of analgesics in the intervention also will be carefully recorded to enhance analysis the safety and analgesic effect of APP. Satisfaction from caregivers will be surveyed via a ve-point satisfaction scale (5, very satis ed; 4, satis ed; 3, uncertain; 2, dissatis ed; 1, very dissatis ed) at T2 [22]. However, acceptance of patients will be measured by just asking them if they'd like to accept the APP treatment once again.…”

Section: Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic Effect of Auricular Point Acupressure for Acute Pain in Patients with Dementia: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Chai

Shi

et al. 2021

Preprint

Background: Common and frequent as acute pain is, it is often underestimated and undertreated in older people with dementia in nursing homes and inadequate pain management remains an issue. Methods: The study is designed to be a randomized, sham-controlled trial and is underway in nursing homes located in China. A total of 206 dementia patients are being recruited from nursing homes in Yinchuan, China. They are randomly allocated to an intervention or a controlled group in a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group will be treated with true APP therapy, while the other group will receive APP at sham points stimulation therapy. The patients will be assessed at baseline (T0), at 5 min during performing the intervention (T1) and at 5 min after completion of the intervention (T2). The primary outcome is the level pain relief at T1, and T2. Physiological parameters, side effects and additional use of analgesics during the procedure, satisfaction from caregivers, acceptance of patients are evaluated as secondary outcomes. Discussion: The results of this study are expected to verify the analgesic effect of APP for acute pain in patients with mild dementia in nursing homes. It has the potential to prompt APP therapy to be implemented widely in dementia patients with acute pain in nursing homes. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100047932. http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid= 128647&htm=4. Registered on June 27, 2021. Currently, patients recruitment is ongoing. Recruitment is expected to take place from December 2020 to December 2021.