Noise Exposure Levels for Musicians During Rehearsal and Performance Times

McIlvaine, Devon; Stewart, M. David; Anderson, R.

doi:10.21091/mppa.2012.1006

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Based on the peak levels, 3-14% of the musicians may be at risk for hearing loss (Table 2). These results confirm previous findings suggesting that some music levels are hazardously loud (Juman et al, 2004;McIlvaine et al, 2012;Rodrigues et al, 2015). We measured the music levels while only one musician was playing the music.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Levels of Music Played by Caucasian and Filipino Musicians with and without Conventional and Musicians’ Earplugs

Rawool

Bunag

2019

J Am Acad Audiol

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Some musicians may play the music louder while using earplugs thus reducing the effectiveness of the hearing protection offered by earplugs. In addition, the dynamic range (DR) of the music may be altered because of the use of earplugs with negative impact on perceived quality of music. There are some cultural differences in attitudes toward loudness, which may lead to differences in the loudness of music played by musicians from different cultures.To investigate the effect of the use of two different types of earplugs on the loudness and DR of music played by musicians of Caucasian and Filipino origins.Quasi-experimental repeated measures design.Thirty six musicians with normal hearing within the age range of 18–49 yr. Fifteen were of Caucasian (eight men and 7 women) origin and 21 were of the Filipino (nine men and 12 women) origin.All participants received a brief educational session, which included information on music-induced hearing loss, the benefit of using earplugs, and the correct procedures for inserting and removing earplugs. They played music in five different conditions (three min each): Trial 1 of conventional and musicians’ earplugs in random order, no earplug, and trial 2 of conventional and musicians’ earplugs in random order.Maximum, minimum, average (average sound level measured over the measurement period; LAVG), and peak levels were recorded using a dosimeter while playing music in each of the five conditions. The DR was derived by subtracting the minimum values from the maximum values. A different measure of the dynamic range 2 (DR2) was derived by subtracting the LAVG value from the peak value. Mixed analyses of variance (ANOVA) (Cultural origin and Gender as nonrepeated variables) was performed on LAVG, DR, and DR2.Based on the LAVG levels yielded by them, 42–61% of the musicians may be at risk for hearing loss. The mixed ANOVA revealed some main effects of culture and some significant interactions involving cultural origin, the plug conditions, type of earplugs, and trial number.Use of earplugs may vary the overall loudness of music, the DR, or the DR2 in some musicians depending on the type of earplugs and cultural origin, and the effect may change with practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Levels of Music Played by Caucasian and Filipino Musicians with and without Conventional and Musicians’ Earplugs

Rawool

Bunag

2019

J Am Acad Audiol

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“…Other studies of rock/jazz musicians have uncovered equivalent exposure levels from 111 to 129 dB (A) (Kähäri et al 2003 ) and 83–90 dB during practice, and 90–96 dB during concerts (McIlvaine et al 2012 ). Equivalent levels at 95–108 dB (A) were measured at rock concerts in Sweden (Almstedt et al 2000 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational noise exposure and hearing: a systematic review

Lie

Skogstad

Johannessen

et al. 2015

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

326

202

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PurposeTo give a systematic review of the development of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in working life.MethodsA literature search in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Health and Safety Abstracts, with appropriate keywords on noise in the workplace and health, revealed 22,413 articles which were screened by six researchers. A total of 698 articles were reviewed in full text and scored with a checklist, and 187 articles were found to be relevant and of sufficient quality for further analysis.ResultsOccupational noise exposure causes between 7 and 21 % of the hearing loss among workers, lowest in the industrialized countries, where the incidence is going down, and highest in the developing countries. It is difficult to distinguish between NIHL and age-related hearing loss at an individual level. Most of the hearing loss is age related. Men lose hearing more than women do. Heredity also plays a part. Socioeconomic position, ethnicity and other factors, such as smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, vibration and chemical substances, may also affect hearing. The use of firearms may be harmful to hearing, whereas most other sources of leisure-time noise seem to be less important. Impulse noise seems to be more deleterious to hearing than continuous noise. Occupational groups at high risk of NIHL are the military, construction workers, agriculture and others with high noise exposure.ConclusionThe prevalence of NIHL is declining in most industrialized countries, probably due to preventive measures. Hearing loss is mainly related to increasing age.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00420-015-1083-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Time-weighted average sound values ranged 84-96.4 dB(A) for rehearsal and 91-102.8 dB(A) for performance, greatly exceeding allowable limits. [ 17 ] Moreover, solitary practice, performed on average 2 h per day at the levels of 60-107 dB, L Aeq , was found to increase the risk of hearing loss in as many as 53% of musicians. [ 18 ]…”

Section: Noise-induced Hearing Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICBEN review of research on the biological effects of noise 2011-2014

et al. 2015

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The mandate of the International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise (ICBEN) is to promote a high level of scientific research concerning all aspects of noise-induced effects on human beings and animals. In this review, ICBEN team chairs and co-chairs summarize relevant findings, publications, developments, and policies related to the biological effects of noise, with a focus on the period 2011-2014 and for the following topics: Noise-induced hearing loss; nonauditory effects of noise; effects of noise on performance and behavior; effects of noise on sleep; community response to noise; and interactions with other agents and contextual factors. Occupational settings and transport have been identified as the most prominent sources of noise that affect health. These reviews demonstrate that noise is a prevalent and often underestimated threat for both auditory and nonauditory health and that strategies for the prevention of noise and its associated negative health consequences are needed to promote public health.

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Noise Exposure Levels for Musicians During Rehearsal and Performance Times

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Levels of Music Played by Caucasian and Filipino Musicians with and without Conventional and Musicians’ Earplugs

Levels of Music Played by Caucasian and Filipino Musicians with and without Conventional and Musicians’ Earplugs

Occupational noise exposure and hearing: a systematic review

ICBEN review of research on the biological effects of noise 2011-2014

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