Non‐A, non‐B hepatitis in Omdurman, Sudan

Abstract

One-hundred nineteen patients (cases) at least 13 years of age with acute hepatitis were studied to determine the viral etiology of acute hepatitis in Omdurman, Sudan. Ninety-eight control subjects (controls) were also evaluated to determine the risk factors associated with the development of clinical disease. Acute hepatitis non-A, non-B was diagnosed in 88 cases (73.9%), hepatitis B in 15 cases (12.6%), delta infection in 15 (12.6%), and hepatitis A in just one patient (0.8%). A higher percentage of hepatitis B cases had received a parenteral injection for medical therapy during the previous 6 months than control subjects (26.7% vs 4.1%, p less than 0.05). The data in this study indicate that hepatitis non-a, non-B may be the major cause of acute hepatitis in adults in this area of Sudan. The suggested association of parenteral therapy with the transmission of hepatitis B could have important implications for the spread of other parenterally-transmitted diseases.

Serological studies of an enterically transmitted non‐A, non‐B hepatitis in Somalia

“…Overall, 88.3% of these samples (Table I) had anti-HEV. This finding is in agreement with previous prevalence studies of anti-HEV in patients from welldefined outbreaks of the disease from neighboring countries [Bassily et al, 1986;Al-Arabi et a]., 1987;Tsega et al, 19921. Our finding of lack of assocation between anti-HEV and a specific age group (Table 11) is contrary to earlier reports [Belabbes et al, 1985;Velazquez et al, 1990;Song et al, 19911. It is clear from this study that clinical HEV infection occurs in all age groups.…”

Curse of schistosomiasis on Egyptian liver

“…A statistical correlation between previous parenteral therapy for schistosomiasis and the presence of HBsAg and HCV-Ab were reported in many studies [23][24][25][26] . It was also proposed that these patients had an impaired immune response that enhanced their susceptibility to becoming chronic carriers [27] .…”

Parenteral antischistosomal therapy: A potential risk factor for hepatitis B infection

“…Of particular interest is the role of parenteral drug therapy. Studies have shown that hepatitis B and delta infection may be transmitted by parenteral therapy, including antischistosomal therapy [Al-Arabi et al, 1987;El-Raziky et al, 1979;Bassily et al, 19861. Because tartar emetic, given in a series of up to 15 injections, has been a common form of therapy in Egypt until recently, multiple opportunities for infection with hepatitis B are possible if inadequately sterilized needles are used.…”