Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Asia: How is it different from the West?

Wong, Grace Lai–Hung; Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun

doi:10.1111/jgh.14813

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Changes in BMI, serum fibrosis score, LS, and steatosis values were not different between obese and non-obese patients with NAFLD at the 1-year follow-up. The reason for different observations among these studies may be explained by a major confounding factor of the younger age of non-obese patients, which has been mentioned in previous studies 37 , 40 . However, it is possible that this is not the true reason given that the mean age of non-obese and obese NAFLD patients was not significantly different in the Chinese and European studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Non-invasive tests for liver fibrosis assessment in patients with chronic liver diseases: a prospective study

Thanapirom

Suksawatamnuay

Tanpowpong

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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There is an urgent need of non-invasive tests (NITs) for monitoring treatment response and disease progression in chronic liver disease. Liver stiffness (LS) evaluated by transient elastography (TE), shear wave elastography (SWE), and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and serum markers e.g. APRI and FIB-4 scores were assessed at baseline and the 1-year follow-up. In all, 89 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with sustained virological response and 93 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients were included. There was a significantly strong correlation among imaging techniques. Using MRE as the reference standard, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves for TE, SWE, APRI, and FIB-4 in detecting stage1–4 fibrosis were 0.88–0.95, 0.87–0.96, 0.83–0.89, and 0.79–0.92, respectively. In chronic HCV patients, the values of TE, SWE, MRE, APRI and FIB-4 significantly decreased from baseline to the 1-year follow-up. Liver steatosis did not significantly change over time. In NAFLD, compared to obese patients, non-obese patients had less LS and steatosis at baseline, and these values did not show significant changes at the 1-year follow-up. Our study suggests that the current NITs have a good correlation and accuracy in monitoring the treatment outcomes in patients with chronic liver diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Non-invasive tests for liver fibrosis assessment in patients with chronic liver diseases: a prospective study

Thanapirom

Suksawatamnuay

Tanpowpong

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…1 16 Moreover, the prevalence of NAFLD is rising faster in Asian countries. [16][17][18][19][20] Rapid industrialisation, socioeconomic development and urbanisation leading to a sedentary lifestyle and western diet may be the cause of such high prevalence and faster rise of the prevalence of NAFLD in Asia. 17 19 Moreover, genetic factors and body composition differences in fat and muscle may contribute to such a high burden in Asia.…”

Section: What Are the New Findings?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, risk factors and metabolic profile of the non-obese and obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a rural community of South Asia

Rahman

Kibria

Begum³

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Gastroenterol

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IntroductionSince there is a paucity of data on the epidemiology of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly in rural areas in Asia, we undertook such a study among the population of a rural community in Bangladesh with the aims to (1) determine the prevalence of non-obese and obese NAFLD, (2) compare the sociodemographic clinical and metabolic characteristics between non-obese and obese NAFLD subjects, and (3) determine the risk factors of NAFLD and no-nobese NAFLD.MethodsIn this door-to-door survey, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests and ultrasonography were performed on the adult population (≥18 years) of three villages in Bangladesh.ResultsOf 1682, 1353 (80.44%) responded. After the exclusion of 48 subjects for alcohol consumption, HBsAg or anti-hepatitis C virus positivity, 1305 ((mean age 41.28±15.10 years, female 908 (69.6%)) were included in the final analysis. On ultrasonography, among the study population, 57 (4.4%) non-obese, 185 (14.2%) obese and, overall, 242 (18.5 %, (male 23.40%, female 16.4%, p=0. 003)) participants had NAFLD. NAFLD was detected in 57/804 (7.1%) of non-obese and 185/501 (36.93%) obese participants. Among the lean subjects, 24/592 (4.1%) had NAFLD. Among NAFLD subjects, 57 (23.55%) were non-obese, and 53 (22%) had raised alanine aminotransferase. On multivariate analysis, age >40 years, male gender, metabolic syndrome (MS), diabetes mellitus (DM), abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity were found as the risk factors for NAFLD. There were no differences in sociodemographic characteristics, DM, MS, abdominal obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia between non-obese and obese NAFLD (all p>0.05).ConclusionIn this community study in Bangladesh, NAFLD was present in 18.5% participants, one-quarter of whom were non-obese. Apart from body mass index, the metabolic profile was comparable between obese and non-obese NAFLD. Public health measures are needed to control and prevent NAFLD and MS and their adverse health consequences.

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“…As the name suggests, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum of liver conditions affecting people who drink little or no alcohol at all, is characterized by excessive lipid deposition in hepatocytes and is closely associated with the development of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes . Meta-analysis of several clinical epidemiological research has found that Hispanics and Asians have a higher risk of NAFLD, while the prevalence in China was 29.2%. , Given the high prevalence of NAFLD, many researchers have focused on dietary therapies to ameliorate NAFLD, particularly functional components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, probiotics, and prebiotics . Some alkaloids have been considered multi-targeted agents because they can change various molecular pathways without detrimental side effects when administered at a moderate dose, making them promising potential candidates for the treatment of metabolic disorders .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Meta-analysis of several clinical epidemiological research has found that Hispanics and Asians have a higher risk of NAFLD, 2 while the prevalence in China was 29.2%. 3,4 Given the high prevalence of NAFLD, many researchers have focused on dietary therapies to ameliorate NAFLD, particularly functional components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, probiotics, and prebiotics. 5 Some alkaloids have been considered multi-targeted agents because they can change various molecular pathways without detrimental side effects when administered at a moderate dose, making them promising potential candidates for the treatment of metabolic disorders.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuciferine Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism in Rats

Sun

Fan

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Our previous study showed that nuciferine (NF) attenuated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is attributed to a high-fat diet (HFD) through reinforcing intestinal barrier functions, regulating lipid metabolism, and improving inflammation. To clarify whether other mechanisms contribute to the anti-NAFLD efficacy of NF, the present study investigated the influence of NF on bile acid (BA) metabolism and gut microbiota in HFD-fed rats. The data demonstrated that NF changed the composition of colonic BA, particularly elevating conjugated BA and non-12OH BA levels. As shown by downregulated protein levels of FXR, FGF15, FGFR4, and ASBT and upregulated protein levels of CYP7A1 and CYP27A1, NF inhibited ileal FXR signaling, promoted BA synthesis, suppressed BA reabsorption, and facilitated fecal BA excretion. NF might affect hepatic FXR signaling, BA conjugation, and enterohepatic circulation by the changed mRNA levels of Fxr, Shp, Baat, Bacs, Bsep, Ntcp, Ibabp, and Ostα/β. Meanwhile, NF regulated the gut microbiota, characterized by decreased BSH-producing genus, 7α-dehydroxylation genus, and increased taurine metabolism-related genus. Spearman rank correlation analysis implied that Colidextribacter, Adlercreutzia, Family_XIII_AD3011_group, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010, Eisenbergiella, and UCG-005 were robustly associated with particular BA monomers. In conclusion, our experiment results suggested that NF could exert a mitigating effect on NAFLD via regulating BA metabolism and modulating the gut microbiota.

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Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Asia: How is it different from the West?

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Non-invasive tests for liver fibrosis assessment in patients with chronic liver diseases: a prospective study

Non-invasive tests for liver fibrosis assessment in patients with chronic liver diseases: a prospective study

Prevalence, risk factors and metabolic profile of the non-obese and obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a rural community of South Asia

Nuciferine Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism in Rats

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