Non Allergic Rhinitis: Demography of Eosinophils in Nasal Smear, Blood Total Eosinophil Counts and IgE Levels

Settipane, Guy A.; Klein, Donald E.

doi:10.2500/108854185779109124

Cited by 72 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Most authors still support the use of a 20% diagnostic cut-off [2,3••,4,5]; however, the lower limit of nasal eosinophilia varies, according to different authors, from 5% to 25% [6][7][8][9]. As mentioned, a marked feature of NARES was the lack of evidence of allergy, as indicated by negative skin prick tests and/or absence of serum IgE antibodies to specific allergens.…”

Section: Clinical Features and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 95%

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Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome

Ellis¹,

Keith

2006

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES) is a clinical syndrome comprising symptoms consistent with allergic rhinitis in which an absence of atopy has been demonstrated by allergen skin testing, and nasal cytology analysis demonstrates more than 20% eosinophils. Anosmia is a prominent feature not shared with allergic rhinitis. The pathophysiology of NARES is poorly understood, but a key component involves a self-perpetuating, chronic eosinophilic nasal inflammation with development of nasal micropolyposis and polyposis. Mast cells likely play an important role as well. NARES is a risk factor for the development of nasal polyposis and aspirin sensitivity, as well as obstructive sleep apnea. Treatment consists mainly of intranasal corticosteroids with or without the addition of second-generation antihistamines and/or leukotriene-receptor antagonists.

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Section: Clinical Features and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The prevalence of NARES has been shown to range between 13% and 33% in patients with nonallergic rhinitis [8,10]. An evaluation by Schiavano et al [5] demonstrated that 26% of 81 patients with chronic nonallergic rhinitis met diagnostic criteria for NARES.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome

Ellis¹,

Keith

2006

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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“…The most common rhinitis syndrome causing nasal obstruction is the allergic form, but a variety of nonallergic rhinitis types are recognised in clinical practice (table 1) [24]. Vasomotor rhinitis, in which no specific aetiology can be found, represents almost two-thirds of all cases of nonallergic rhinitis [25]. Data from large epidemiological studies suggest that the prevalence of allergic rhinitis compared with nonallergic rhinitis is 3:1 [26,27].…”

Section: Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the nose in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea and snoring

Kohler¹,

Bloch²,

Stradling³

2007

Eur Respir J

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Data from observational studies suggest that nasal obstruction contributes to the pathogenesis of snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). To define more accurately the relationship between snoring, OSA and nasal obstruction, the current authors have summarised the literature on epidemiological and physiological studies, and performed a systematic review of randomised controlled trials in which the effects of treating nasal obstruction on snoring and OSA were investigated.Searches of bibliographical databases revealed nine trials with randomised controlled design. External nasal dilators were used in five studies, topically applied steroids in one, nasal decongestants in two, and surgical treatment in one study.Data from studies using nasal dilators, intranasal steroids and decongestants to relieve nasal congestion showed beneficial effects on sleep architecture, but only minor improvement of OSA symptoms or severity. Snoring seemed to be reduced by nasal dilators. Nasal surgery also had minimal impact on OSA symptoms.In conclusion, chronic nasal obstruction seems to play a minor role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea, and seems to be of some relevance in the origin of snoring. The impact of treating nasal obstruction in patients with snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea on long-term outcome remains to be defined through randomised controlled trials of medical and surgical therapies.

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“…Allergy is prediagnosed with medical history and physical examination. If the patient has a medical history and complaints that are compatible with allergy, in vivo (Prick test, SET, Scratch test) and/or in vitro (serum-specific IgE), allergy tests should be performed [Settipane and Klein, 1985]. The skin prick test is the most common epidermal test.…”

Section: Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis and Management Of Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sneeze reflex: facts and fiction

Songu

Cingi

2009

Ther Adv Respir Dis

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Sneezing is a protective reflex, and is sometimes a sign of various medical conditions. Sneezing has been a remarkable sign throughout the history. In Asia and Europe, superstitions regarding sneezing extend through a wide range of races and countries, and it has an ominous significance. Although sneezing is a protective reflex response, little else is known about it. A sneeze (or sternutation) is expulsion of air from the lungs through the nose and mouth, most commonly caused by the irritation of the nasal mucosa. Sneezing can further be triggered through sudden exposure to bright light, a particularly full stomach and physical stimulants of the trigeminal nerve, as a result of central nervous system pathologies such as epilepsy, posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome or as a symptom of psychogenic pathologies. In this first comprehensive review of the sneeze reflex in the English literature, we aim to review the pathophysiology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and complications of sneezing.

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Non Allergic Rhinitis: Demography of Eosinophils in Nasal Smear, Blood Total Eosinophil Counts and IgE Levels

Cited by 72 publications

References 0 publications

Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome

Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome

The role of the nose in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea and snoring

Sneeze reflex: facts and fiction

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