Non-aqueous vanadium acetylacetonate electrolyte for redox flow batteries

Liu, Qinghua; Shinkle, Aaron A.; Li, Yongdan; Monroe, Charles W.; Thompson, Levi T.; Sleightholme, Alice E.S.

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2009.10.006

Cited by 265 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Organic electrolytes often have wider potential windows than that of water and, consequently, there is a lot of interest in high energy density, organic RFB systems and systems based on Ru [4], V [5], Mn [6], and Cr [7] complexes have been reported. In a similar approach to that used in the popular aqueous all-vanadium RFBs [8], the same chemical species is often used on each side of non-aqueous RFBs, mitigating the effects of transfer of redox species between compartments and increasing the coulombic efficiency [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Ejigu

Greatorex-Davies

Walsh

2015

Electrochemistry Communications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Ejigu

Greatorex-Davies

Walsh

2015

Electrochemistry Communications

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“…In addition, the membrane thickness affects the charging discharging cell potential and columbic efficiency reduction by 15%. 7 As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Note that highly reversible redox couples were recorded for V(acac) 3 in the presence of tetraethylammonium hexafluoro phosphate (TEAPF 6 ) or TEAB supporting electrolyte in AN on a GC electrode. 5,7 On the other hand, the two vanadium redox couples exhibited quasi-reversible behavior under these given conditions, particularly in the TBAP and NaClO 4 -supporting electrolytes. In addition, the V(acac) 3 redox behavior varied according to the supporting electrolyte used, 31 which means that V(acac) 3 shows sluggish electron transfer in the both the TBAP and NaClO 4 supporting electrolytes, which might have influenced the cell potential variations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…V(acac) 3 at the H-type cell showed a charging and discharging potential of 2.75 V and 0.4 V, respectively, where the discharge potential difference was affected by the electrode distance. 7,37 Similar H-type cells used for the Mn(acac) 3 and Cr(acac) 3 redox flow battery in AN showed a huge potential difference between charging and discharging, including ohmic and IR resistance, according to electrode distance. 38,39 Another possibility could be the dissociation of the V(acac) 3 complex to V(acac) 2 or the formation of a V(V) oxidation state or vanadium crossover.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,10 A commercially available Na-β-Al 2 O 3 tube was used as a membrane. The electrochemical properties and impedance were examined to determine the suitability of Na-β-Al 2 O 3 and the membrane was optimized using different electrolytes, such as TBAP (tetrabutylammonium perchlorate) and NaClO 4 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Na-β-Alumina as a Separator in the Development of All-Vanadium Non-Aqueous Tubular Redox Flow Batteries: An Electrochemical and Charging-Discharging Examination Using a Prototype Tubular Redox Flow Cell

Muthuraman

Boyeol

Moon

2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The non-aqueous redox flow battery (N-ARFB) is in the development stages with aim to produce high power density storage systems. In addition to the development of N-ARFBs, this study examined the applicability of a sodium beta alumina (Na-β-Al 2 O 3 ) membrane in the development of a N-ARFB through an analysis of the electrochemical processes, redox active species migration, and charging/discharging at room temperature (25 ± 3 • C). Through impedance analysis, the ionic conductivity of the Na-β-Al 2 O 3 was 2.97 × 10 −2 S cm −1 which is slightly higher than the literature value. UV-Visible analysis showed no migration of the vanadium acetylacetonate (V(acac) 3 ) ion from one compartment to another, either during the charging or discharging process. In addition, the lack of a change in the morphology of the spent membrane revealed not only stability, but also confirmed no permeation of V(acac) 3 species. The maximum applied current density for charging and discharging was 0.01 mA cm −2 and 0.0015 mA cm −2 , respectively. The charging/discharging of V(acac) 3 enables voltage and current efficiencies of almost 16% and 11% respectively, at the state of charge of 15%. This demonstrates that the Na-β-Al 2 O 3 membrane can be improved for use in N-ARFB after optimizing the conditions. © The Author The non-aqueous redox flow battery (N-ARFB) is in the development stages with the strong potential for high power density (>2 V) N-ARFB that can store energy from non-conventional sources, such as wind mills and solar power. 1 Although the development of N-ARFBs has attracted considerable interest, such as redox active species selection, 2 electrolyte development, 2,3 and solvent selection, 4 the identification of a suitable membrane is one of the crucial factors because of the crossover of redox active species. [4][5][6] The oxidation state of most redox active metal organic complexes (RAMOCs) is negative, which means that there is theoretically less migration on membranes with the same polarity but the transport of oppositely charged negative ions is allowed. Using this approach, many anionic selective polymeric membranes (AEM) were developed and made commercially available for N-ARFBs, such as Neosepta AHA (Astom, Japan), FAP4 (FuMaTech Co.), and AMI-7001 (Membrane International Inc., USA), which were investigated in N-ARFB systems using a conventional H-type cell. [7][8][9] On the other hand, they showed poor chemical and mechanical stability in organic electrolytes. 1 Through a zero-gap (electrodes coated on the membrane) redox flow battery prototype design, the modified Nafion 1035 membrane could be operated in all VRFB with columbic and energy efficiencies of 91% and 80%, respectively. 10 A polymeric membrane prepared by a simultaneous polymerization and quarternization method showed low vanadium permeability while retaining good dimensional and chemical stability in N-ARFB. 11 In addition to crosslinking, a pore-filled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) AEM exhibited high ion conductivity and V(III)(acetylacetonate) 3 (V(acac) ...

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