Non-chemical on-farm hermetic maize storage in East Africa

Yakubu, Ali

doi:10.31274/etd-180810-799

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Hermetic storage is categorized according to the amount of grain been stored, small quantity usually employs the use of bags and small containers, while huge or bulk storage employs larger storage facilities (Yakubu, 2009). For small quantity, two types of hermetic storage container (bags) have been developed, Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) (Murdock and Baoua et al, 2014) and GrainPro Super Bags .…”

Section: Types Of Hermetic Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²

2015

2015 ASABE International Meeting

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Agriculture is the backbone of Tanzanian economy. It accounts for about one-third of the gross domestic product (GDP), provides 85 percent of all exports and saves as a livelihood to over 80 percent of the total population. Maize is the primary staple crop; it's grown in nearly all agro-ecological zones in the country. Tanzania is a major maize producer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the last four decades, Tanzania has ranked among the top 25 maize producing countries in the world. In the 2013/14 growing seasons Tanzania produced over half billion metric tons of maize of these maize smallholder farmers produced around 85%. Despite the steady production of maize over the past three decades, post-harvest losses of maize remained significant, up to 30-40 % in some rural areas. Post-harvest handling, poor infrastructure, weather variability, biotic factors such as insects and pests, bacteria, pathogens, viruses, and fungi, often aggravate such losses. Mycotoxin producing fungi pose a major risk. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that frequently contaminate the maize in the field and/or during storage. Mycotoxin contamination of maize poses a health risk to humans and animals if not properly managed. The most important mycotoxins in Tanzania are the aflatoxins, fumonisins and Ochratoxin. The objective of this paper was to review current literature on the production trends, consumption, post-harvest losses, and mycotoxins contamination of maize and to provide strategies to control and prevent postharvest losses and mycotoxins contamination in Tanzania. Agriculture is the backbone of Tanzanian economy. It accounts for about one-third of the gross domestic product (GDP), provides 85 percent of all exports and saves as a livelihood to over 80 percent of the total population. Maize is the primary staple crop; it's grown in nearly all agro-ecological zones in the country. Tanzania is a major maize producer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the last four decades, Tanzania has ranked among the top 25 maize producing countries in the world. In the 2013/14 growing seasons Tanzania produced over half billion metric tons of maize of these maize smallholder farmers produced around 85%. Despite the steady production of maize over the past three decades, post-harvest losses of maize remained significant, up to 30-40 % in some rural areas. Post-harvest handling, poor infrastructure, weather variability, biotic factors such as insects and pests, bacteria, pathogens, viruses, and fungi, often aggravate such losses. Mycotoxin producing fungi pose a major risk. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that frequently contaminate the maize in the field and/or during storage. Mycotoxin contamination of maize poses a health risk to humans and animals if not properly managed. The most important mycotoxins in Tanzania are the aflatoxins, fumonisins and Ochratoxin. The objective of this paper was to review current literature on the production trends, consumption, post-harvest losses, and mycotoxins contamination of mai...

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Section: Types Of Hermetic Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²

2015

2015 ASABE International Meeting

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“…The research on which the predicted time to complete mortality (PTCM) research is based (Figure 2.1) was conducted at fixed temperatures (10°C and 27°C), maize moistures (8% and 16%), and time (4 to 28 days) (Yakubu, 2009;. A field study, based on stored maize (13.7 %), with about 90 weevils/kg, in six 10-L recycled edible oil containers at ambient temperature (~20°C), and shaded from direct sun rays.…”

Section: Post-harvest Storage Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From above, weevil oxygen utilization =0.14 cm 3 weevil -1 day -1 (Yakubu, 2009), obtained from substituting known weevil numbers into equation 2.1. Number of days to complete adult weevil mortality can be calculated from the equation by similar substitution.…”

Section: Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculation example results presented above utilized an atmospheric O 2 level of 20.99%. Additional weevil oxygen utilization calculations that take storage maize moisture and temperature in consideration are also presented in Yakubu (2009). Using 50 weevils per kg within the storage containers, 12.5% maize moisture and 23°C temperature, it was calculated that complete weevil mortality would occur in the hermetic treatments, in about 22 days.…”

Section: Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is to simulate open-air storage, without allowing weevil escape. Therefore, using two treatments types (hermetic, non-hermetic) with six replications for each treatment type gave a total of 12 experimental units (EUs), with the total number of weevils for each 20-L HDPE container calculated according to Yakubu (2009) and counted manually.…”

Section: Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing losses to maize stored on farms in East Africa using hermetic storage

Yakubu¹

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The effect of different salt concentrations on corn storage

Bilgin

Erbaş

2022

Food Processing Preservation

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Corn is one of the most widely grown cereal products worldwide, and it is an annually available plant from the Poaceae family (Orhun, 2013). Corn can be mostly cultivated with higher yields in mild temperature regions, and it is cultivable in various climatic regions. The world production amount of corn was 1125 million tons in 2019. It is also estimated that 21% of the corn production is consumed as food, and 65% of this amount is used as animal feed (Faostat, 2020). By this definition, corn is the main raw material of certain products such as starch, maltodextrins, oil, sugar syrups, and a little amount of corn is sufficent to be processed onto these products after harvesting. Most of the harvested corn is stored for direct consumption while it remains available for producing different food materials during the year. In addition, it can be largely stored under special circumstances such as war and natural disasters.Corn storage, as in other cereals storage processes, is defined as an effective preservative regarding the amount of grains and their biological, technological and nutritional quality, and economic value. The preservation of corn grains during storage period varies depending on various factors such as storage temperature, relative humidity, grain integrity, enzyme activity, and respiratory rate including insect and microorganism activity. For instance, unfavorable conditions during storage and long distance transportation routes of corn may cause the formation of germination, mold, and insect infestations. These undesirable biological alterations and activities result in off-flavor, mycotoxin formation, discoloration, grain texture deterioration, and dry matter loss. Perhaps more importantly, the formation of mycotoxins due to mold growth may

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Non-chemical on-farm hermetic maize storage in East Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Reducing losses to maize stored on farms in East Africa using hermetic storage

The effect of different salt concentrations on corn storage

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