Non-coding RNAs and ovarian diseases

Abstract

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a diverse family of untranslated transcripts, which serve important roles in numerous biological processes. ncRNAs are emerging as major mediators of gene expression with crucial regulatory functions. Ovarian diseases have a wide variety of clinical pathological types, which have serious impacts on women's health. In this review, current studies on ncRNAs are summarized with respect to ovarian diseases. Understanding of the role of ncRNAs in ovarian diseases is currently limited; further studies on the molecular mechanisms by which abnormal expression of ncRNAs contributes to ovarian diseases will aid in the identification of ncRNAs as novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for ovarian diseases.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Long non-coding RNA placenta‑specific protein 2 regulates micorRNA-19a/tumor necrosis factor α to participate in polycystic ovary syndrome

“…The development of PCOS is accompanied with alteration in a considerable number of molecular factors [ 7 , 8 ], which can be used to facilitate the development of therapies, such as targeted therapy, which can be applied to suppress PCOS by regulating gene expression [ 7 , 8 ]. The development of PCOS requires the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long (>200 nt) ncRNAs (lncRNAs) [ 9 , 10 ]. Therefore, certain critical ncRNAs may serve as novel targets for the development of anti-PCOS therapy.…”

Impact of Endocrine Disruptors upon Non-Genetic Inheritance

“…miRNAs are involved in ovarian folliculogenesis and granulosa cell physiology [ 136 ]. piRNAs are present in ovarian follicle cells and may suppress transposons in the ovarian somatic cells [ 137 ].…”

Non‐coding RNAs and their cross‐talks impacting reproductive health of women

“…According to some studies, ncRNAs are engaged in regulating the physiological mechanisms of steroid secretion and biosynthesis. It has also been observed that changes in steroid hormone result in a variety of ovarian diseases such as PCOS, premature ovarian insufficiency, diminished ovarian reserve, premature ovarian failure, and other disorders, prompting researchers to investigate more on the role of ncRNAs in the aforementioned diseases (Li et al, 2017; R. Zhang, Wesevich, et al, 2020). For example, miR‐24, miR‐520c, miR‐222, and miR‐132 regulate the concentration of estradiol, whereas miR‐193b, miR‐483‐5p, and miR‐24 regulate the concentration of progesterone (Li et al, 2017).…”

“…It has also been observed that changes in steroid hormone result in a variety of ovarian diseases such as PCOS, premature ovarian insufficiency, diminished ovarian reserve, premature ovarian failure, and other disorders, prompting researchers to investigate more on the role of ncRNAs in the aforementioned diseases (Li et al, 2017; R. Zhang, Wesevich, et al, 2020). For example, miR‐24, miR‐520c, miR‐222, and miR‐132 regulate the concentration of estradiol, whereas miR‐193b, miR‐483‐5p, and miR‐24 regulate the concentration of progesterone (Li et al, 2017). Furthermore, many miRNAs are found to be expressed in both normal and diseased endometrium, a steroid hormone‐responsive tissue that undergoes several highly controlled structural changes during the reproductive years (Hull & Nisenblat, 2013).…”