Non-coding RNAs as Putative Biomarkers of Cancer-Associated Cachexia

Donzelli, Sara; Farneti, Alessia; Marucci, Laura; Ganci, Federica; Sacconi, Andrea; Strano, Sabrina; Sanguineti, Giuseppe; Blandino, Giovanni

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00257

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Many researchers have focused on the role of muscle-derived miRNAs in muscle growth and muscle atrophy pathways, as also reported by Donzelli et al [131]. miRNAs expressed in skeletal muscle such as miR1, miR133a, miR133b, miR206 and miR486 were found to be involved in cancer cachexia.…”

Section: Murine and Human Circulating Muscle-derived Mirnas As Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers For Cancer Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 93%

Liquid Biopsy for Cancer Cachexia: Focus on Muscle-Derived microRNAs

Belli

Ferraro

Molfino

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Cancer cachexia displays a complex nature in which systemic inflammation, impaired energy metabolism, loss of muscle and adipose tissues result in unintentional body weight loss. Cachectic patients have a poor prognosis and the presence of cachexia reduces the tolerability of chemo/radio-therapy treatments and it is frequently the primary cause of death in advanced cancer patients. Early detection of this condition could make treatments more effective. However, early diagnostic biomarkers of cachexia are currently lacking. In recent years, although solid biopsy still remains the “gold standard” for diagnosis of cancer, liquid biopsy is gaining increasing interest as a source of easily accessible potential biomarkers. Moreover, the growing interest in circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), has made these molecules attractive for the diagnosis of several diseases, including cancer. Some muscle-derived circulating miRNA might play a pivotal role in the onset/progression of cancer cachexia. This topic is of great interest since circulating miRNAs might be easily detectable by means of liquid biopsies and might allow an early diagnosis of this syndrome. We here summarize the current knowledge on circulating muscular miRNAs involved in muscle atrophy, since they might represent easily accessible and promising biomarkers of cachexia.

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Section: Murine and Human Circulating Muscle-derived Mirnas As Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers For Cancer Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 93%

Liquid Biopsy for Cancer Cachexia: Focus on Muscle-Derived microRNAs

Belli

Ferraro

Molfino

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…For a wider and more complete reading regarding the involvement of miRNAs associated with cachexia during muscle and adipose tissue wasting in various types of drugresistant tumors, it can be referred to specific reviews (170,171). Extracellular microRNAs as biomarkers of HNSCC diagnosis and prognosis miRNAs are very stable molecules and their expression can be measured in biofluids including plasma, serum, urine, and saliva.…”

Section: The Impact Of Mirnas In Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a possible challenge as biomarkers, determinants for the choice of therapy and targets for personalized molecular therapies

Vahabi¹,

Blandino²,

Agostino³

2021

Transl Cancer Res TCR

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are referred to a group of heterogeneous cancers that include structures of aerodigestive tract such as oral and nasal cavity, salivary glands, oropharynx, pharynx, larynx, paranasal sinuses, and local lymph nodes. HNSCC is characterized by frequent alterations of several genes such as TP53, PIK3CA, CDKN2A, NOTCH1, and MET as well as copy number increase in EGFR, CCND1, and PIK3CA. These genomic alterations play a role in terms of resistance to chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and prediction of patient outcome. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small singlestranded noncoding RNAs which are about 19-25 nucleotides. They are involved in the tumorigenesis of HNSCC including dysregulation of cell survival, proliferation, cellular differentiation, adhesion, and invasion. The discovery of the stable presence of the miRNAs in all human body made them attractive biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis or as targets for novel therapeutic ways, enabling personalized treatment for HNSCC. In recent times the number of papers concerning the characterization of miRNAs in the HNSCC tumorigenesis has grown a lot. In this review, we discuss the very recent studies on different aspects of miRNA dysregulation with their clinical significance and we apologize for the many past and most recent works that have not been mentioned. We also discuss miRNA-based therapy that are being tested on patients by clinical trials.

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“…To date, many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that regulate the activity of proteins involved in the development of inflammation and the regulation of metabolic pathways of sugars, fats, and proteins have been identified, and their presence may predispose patients to the development of cancer malnutrition or cachexia [98]. Recent studies have also proven the key role of microRNA molecules in regulating fat metabolism and, above all, in the mechanism of muscle atrophy and regulation of the severity of the inflammatory response in the body [99,100]. Moreover, RT affects the changes in the microRNA expression signature measured prior to and after the commencement of therapy [101].…”

Section: Prediction Of Nutritional Deficiencies Developing During Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Deficiencies in Radiotherapy-Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Powrózek

Dziwota

Małecka‐Massalska

2021

JCM

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Nutritional deficiencies (malnutrition, cachexia, sarcopenia, and unfavorable changes in the body composition) developing as a side effect of radiotherapy (RT) currently represents a significant but still inaccurately studied clinical problem in cancer patients. The incidence of malnutrition observed in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients in oncological radiology departments can reach 80%. The presence of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and cachexia is associated with an unfavorable prognosis of the disease, higher mortality, and deterioration of the quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to identify patients with a high risk of both metabolic syndromes. However, the number of studies investigating potential predictive markers for the mentioned purposes is still significantly limited. This literature review summarizes the incidence of nutritional deficiencies in HNC patients prior to therapy and after the commencement of RT, and presents recent perspectives for the prediction of unfavorable nutritional changes developing as a result of applied RT.

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Non-coding RNAs as Putative Biomarkers of Cancer-Associated Cachexia

Cited by 17 publications

References 68 publications

Liquid Biopsy for Cancer Cachexia: Focus on Muscle-Derived microRNAs

Liquid Biopsy for Cancer Cachexia: Focus on Muscle-Derived microRNAs

MicroRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a possible challenge as biomarkers, determinants for the choice of therapy and targets for personalized molecular therapies

Nutritional Deficiencies in Radiotherapy-Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients

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