Non-coding RNAs regulate tumor cell plasticity

Liu, Bodu; Sun, Lijuan; Song, Erwei

doi:10.1007/s11427-013-4554-5

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The EMT is an evolutionary-conserved biological process whereby epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal characteristics, and is involved in apoptosis resistance, tumor motility, and invasion. Molecules associated with this process are transcription factors, such as ZEB (ZEB1 and 2), Snail, Slug, and Twist1, which act by repressing E-cadherin and inducing vimentin and fibronectin expression (21). The EMT process is strongly regulated by miRNAs; for example, the miR-106b-25 cluster has been shown to induce the EMT and CSC phenotype in human breast cancer cells, acting downstream of the transcription factor Six1.…”

Section: Cancer Stem Cells and Oncomirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncogenic micro-RNAs and Renal Cell Carcinoma

et al. 2014

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Tumor formation is a complex process that occurs in different steps and involves many cell types, including tumor cells, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells, which interact to promote growth of the tumor mass and metastasization. Epigenetic alterations occurring in transformed cells result in de-regulation of miRNA expression (a class of small non-coding RNA that regulates multiple functions), which contributes to tumorigenesis. The specific miRNAs, which have an aberrant expression in tumors, are defined as oncomiRNAs, and may be either over- or under-expressed, but down-regulation is most commonly observed. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a frequent form of urologic tumor, associated with an alteration of multiple signaling pathways. Many molecules involved in the progression of RCCs, such as HIF, VEGF, or mammalian target of rapamycin, are possible targets of de-regulated miRNAs. Within tumor mass, the cancer stem cell (CSC) population is a fundamental component that promotes tumor growth. The CSC hypothesis postulates that CSCs have the unique ability to self-renew and to maintain tumor growth and metastasis. CSCs present in RCC were shown to express the mesenchymal stem cell marker CD105 and to exhibit self-renewal and clonogenic properties, as well as the ability to generate serially transplantable tumors. The phenotype of CSC has been related to the potential to undergo the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which has been linked to the expression pattern of tumorigenic miRNAs or down-regulation of anti-tumor miRNAs. In addition, the pattern of circulating miRNAs may allow discrimination between healthy and tumor patients. Therefore, a miRNA signature may be used as a tumor biomarker for cancer diagnosis, as well as to classify the risk of relapse and metastasis, and for a guide for therapy.

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Section: Cancer Stem Cells and Oncomirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncogenic micro-RNAs and Renal Cell Carcinoma

et al. 2014

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“…EMT is involved in apoptosis resistance, tumor motility and invasion. Molecules associated with this process include transcription factors, such as the zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox proteins (ZEB1 and 2), Snail, Slug and Twist1, which repress E-cadherin and induce vimentin and fibronectin expression [50]. The EMT process is also strongly regulated by miRNAs.…”

Section: Key Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNA Therapy Targeting Cancer Stem cells: a New Paradigm for Cancer Treatment and Prevention of Tumor Recurrence

Osaki

Okada

Ochiya³

2015

Ther. Deliv.

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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within tumors that retain the properties of self-renewal and tumorigenicity in vivo. Although CSCs have been reported in multiple cancers, the regulation of CSCs has not been described at the molecular level. miRNAs are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of their target genes via RNA interference and are involved in almost all cellular processes. Since aberrant miRNA expression occurs in CSCs, such dysregulated miRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding miRNAs that regulate CSC properties and discuss an in vivo delivery system for synthetic miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors for the development of innovative miRNA therapy against CSCs.

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“…Although these classes constantly change and increase (Brown et al 2012;Sana et al 2012), most of the authors group these transcripts by their size into small ncRNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) (Gutschner and Diederichs 2012;Sana et al 2012;Liu et al 2013). Each of these groups is further subdivided, giving rise to a large number of different types of ncRNAs needing urgent and adequate characterization (Sana et al 2012;Deng and Sui 2013), namely, satellite DNA transcripts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, satncRNAs have been associated with cancer (Ehrlich 2005;Ting et al 2011;Zhu et al 2011;Brown et al 2012). In fact, the recent advances in the study of ncRNAs enhance the involvement of these transcripts and their aberrant expression in cancer pathogenicity (Gutschner and Diederichs 2012;Deng and Sui 2013;Feldstein et al 2013;Hauptman and Glavac 2013;Liu et al 2013) since initiation, to progression, and until metastasis (Hauptman and Glavac 2013). Although the knowledge about satncRNAs is scarce, it is now suggested that these transcripts may play a role in the evolution of cancer cells by their function in at least one of the cancer hallmarks-genomic instability (Zhu et al 2011;Brown et al 2012;Walton et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identification of a larger number of satellite DNA transcripts would certainly assist in the validation of such observations. Thereafter, it will be feasible to use satncRNAs as cancer biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment predictions, as well as for the development of new drug targets (Huarte and Rinn 2010;Ting et al 2011;Gutschner and Diederichs 2012;Spizzo et al 2012;Deng and Sui 2013;Liu et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Satellite non-coding RNAs: the emerging players in cells, cellular pathways and cancer

et al. 2015

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For several decades, transcriptional inactivity was considered as one of the particular features of constitutive heterochromatin and, therefore, of its major component, satellite DNA sequences. However, more recently, succeeding evidences have demonstrated that these sequences can indeed be transcribed, yielding satellite non-coding RNAs with important roles in the organization and regulation of genomes. Since then, several studies have been conducted, trying to understand the function(s) of these sequences not only in the normal but also in cancer genomes. It is thought that the association between cancer and satncRNAs is mostly due to the influence of these transcripts in the genome instability, a hallmark of cancer. The few reports on satellite DNA transcription in cancer contexts point to its overexpression; however, this scenario may be far more complex, variable, and influenced by a number of factors and the exact role of satncRNAs in the oncogenic process remains poorly understood. The greater is the knowledge on the association of satncRNAs with cancer, the greater would be the opportunity to assist cancer treatment, either by the design of effective therapies targeting these molecules or by using them as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and with predictive value.

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Non-coding RNAs regulate tumor cell plasticity

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Oncogenic micro-RNAs and Renal Cell Carcinoma

Oncogenic micro-RNAs and Renal Cell Carcinoma

miRNA Therapy Targeting Cancer Stem cells: a New Paradigm for Cancer Treatment and Prevention of Tumor Recurrence

Satellite non-coding RNAs: the emerging players in cells, cellular pathways and cancer

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