Non-Contact Estimation of Cardiac Inter-Beat Interval and Heart Rate Variability Using Time-Frequency Domain Analysis for CW Radar

Yen, Hoang Thi; Kurosawa, Masaki; Kirimoto, Tetsuo; Hakozaki, Yukiya; Matsui, Takemi; Sun, Guanghao

doi:10.1109/jerm.2023.3326562

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Kakouche et al [20] also used the first derivative of the radar signal phase ((d/dt)∠s(t)) when applying the delayand-sum method in the frequency domain. Yen et al [21] also emphasized the heartbeat component by using (d/dt)∠s(t). In contrast, Xiong et al [22] and Ji et al [23] emphasized the heartbeat's higher harmonics by using a differential enhancement method that combines the first derivative (i.e., (d/dt)∠s(t)) with the second derivative (i.e., (d 2 /dt 2 )∠s(t)) of the radar signal's phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncontact Measurement of Heartbeat of Humans and Chimpanzees Using Millimeter-Wave Radar With Topology Method

Iwata,

Sakamoto,

Matsumoto

et al. 2023

IEEE Sens. Lett.

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This study proposes a radar-based heartbeat measurement method that uses the absolute value of the second derivative of the complex radar signal, rather than its phase, and the variational mode extraction method, which is a type of mode decomposition algorithm. We show that the proposed second-derivative-based approach can amplify the heartbeat component in radar signals effectively and also confirm that use of the variational mode extraction method represents an efficient way to emphasize the heartbeat component amplified via the second-derivative-based approach. We demonstrate estimation of the heart interbeat intervals using the proposed approach in combination with the topology method, which is an accurate interbeat interval estimation method. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated quantitatively using data obtained from eleven participants that were measured using a millimeterwave radar system. When compared with conventional methods based on the phase of the complex radar signal, our proposed method can achieve higher accuracy when estimating the heart interbeat intervals; the correlation coefficient for the proposed method was increased by 0.20 and the root-mean-square error decreased by 23%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncontact Measurement of Heartbeat of Humans and Chimpanzees Using Millimeter-Wave Radar With Topology Method

Iwata,

Sakamoto,

Matsumoto

et al. 2023

IEEE Sens. Lett.

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Radar-based contactless heart beat detection with a modified Pan–Tompkins algorithm

Thi Yen,

Tiep,

Hoang

et al. 2024

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Background: Using radar for non-contact measuring human vital signs has garnered significant attention due to its undeniable benefits. However, achieving reasonably good accuracy in contactless measurement senarios is still a technical challenge. Materials and methods: The proposed method includes two stages. The first stage involves the process of datasegmentation and signal channel selection. In the next phase, the raw radar signal from the chosen channel is subjected to modified Pan-Tompkins.Results: The experimental findings from twelve individuals demonstrated a strong agreement between the contactless radar and contact electrocardiography (ECG) devices for heart rate measurement, with correlation coefficient of 98.74 percentage; and the 95% limits of agreement obtained by radar and those obtained by ECG were 2.4 beats per minute.Conclusion: The results showed high agreement between heart rate calculated by radar signals and heart rate by electrocardiograph. This research paves the way for future applications using non-contact sensors to support and potentially replace contact sensors in healthcare.

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Radar-Based Heart Cardiac Activity Measurements: A Review

Frazao,

Pinho,

Albuquerque

2024

Sensors

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In recent years, with the increased interest in smart home technology and the increased need to remotely monitor patients due to the pandemic, demand for contactless systems for vital sign measurements has also been on the rise. One of these kinds of systems are Doppler radar systems. Their design is composed of several choices that could possibly have a significant impact on their overall performance, more specifically those focused on the measurement of cardiac activity. This review, conducted using works obtained from relevant scientific databases, aims to understand the impact of these design choices on the performance of systems measuring either heart rate (HR) or heart rate variability (HRV). To that end, an analysis of the performance based on hardware architecture, carrier frequency, and measurement distance was conducted for works focusing on both of the aforementioned cardiac parameters, and signal processing trends were discussed. What was found was that the system architecture and signal processing algorithms had the most impact on the performance, with FMCW being the best performing architecture, whereas factors like carrier frequency did not have an impact.This means that newer systems can focus on cheaper, lower-frequency systems without any performance degradation, which will make research easier.

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Non-Contact Estimation of Cardiac Inter-Beat Interval and Heart Rate Variability Using Time-Frequency Domain Analysis for CW Radar

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Noncontact Measurement of Heartbeat of Humans and Chimpanzees Using Millimeter-Wave Radar With Topology Method

Noncontact Measurement of Heartbeat of Humans and Chimpanzees Using Millimeter-Wave Radar With Topology Method

Radar-based contactless heart beat detection with a modified Pan–Tompkins algorithm

Radar-Based Heart Cardiac Activity Measurements: A Review

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