Non-contact identification and differentiation of illicit drugs using fluorescent films

Abstract

Sensitive and rapid identification of illicit drugs in a non-contact mode remains a challenge for years. Here we report three film-based fluorescent sensors showing unprecedented sensitivity, selectivity, and response speed to the existence of six widely abused illicit drugs, including methamphetamine (MAPA), ecstasy, magu, caffeine, phenobarbital (PB), and ketamine in vapor phase. Importantly, for these drugs, the sensing can be successfully performed after 5.0 × 105, 4.0 × 105, 2.0 × 105, 1.0 × 105, 4.0 × 104, and 2.0 × 102 times dilution of their saturated vapor with air at room temperature, respectively. Also, presence of odorous substances (toiletries, fruits, dirty clothes, etc.), water, and amido-bond-containing organic compounds (typical organic amines, legal drugs, and different amino acids) shows little effect upon the sensing. More importantly, discrimination and identification of them can be realized by using the sensors in an array way. Based upon the discoveries, a conceptual, two-sensor based detector is developed, and non-contact detection of the drugs is realized.

Recent advances in film-based fluorescence sensing

“…近年来, 各种纯MOFs薄膜或掺 杂MOFs膜的制备取得了重大进展 [55,56] . 闫冰课题 组 [34] (网络版彩图) [62] . 例如, 张明和Baumgarten课题组 [29] 通过电化 [51] (网络版彩图) 图 6 (a) O 2 传感器合成路线示意图; (b) 不同氧分压(P O 2 )下 NMOFs@O-PP薄膜的发射光谱 [57] (网络版彩图) [28] (网络版彩图) 该传感器同时还具有良好的可逆性和重现性.…”

“…(d) Two-sensor based sensory sensing. Film 1 and Film 3 (two different sensors) sensor array and related sensing platform[34] (color online).…”

Naphthyl End‐Capped Terthiophene‐Based Chemiresistive Sensors for Biogenic Amine Detection and Meat Spoilage Monitoring

“…The response and recovery performances of the device were tested with a homemade sensing platform (Figure b). This testing platform is an improvement of the testing platform used in previously reported studies . As an example gas, TMA, was injected ( C =2.11×10 5 ppm, 3 s at a rate of 1.83 mL s −1 ) and there was a concomitant rise in the resistance of the NA‐3T‐NA sensor.…”

“…About 600 million people get sick every single year, and more than 400 000 people die from unhygienic foods . Therefore, various techniques, such as quartz crystal microbalance; localized surface plasmon resonance; radiofrequency identification; Raman spectroscopy; and electrochemical, fluorescent, and colorimetric sensors, have been developed and used for detecting BAs to monitor food spoilage. Unfortunately, most of these methods not only demand sophisticated instrumentation, but also require tedious sample preparation and are hard to use on‐site.…”

Photomechanical effects of acidochromic diarylethene derivatives

“…薄志山等 [27] 利用树枝状结构单元的调 控获得了具有强发光的三联苯类聚集体. 房喻等 [28] 将 具有三维多面体结构的o-碳硼烷引入到吖啶修饰的对 苯二甲酸二乙酯中制备了可原位检测气态样品中乙 醇-水含量的荧光传感薄膜; 他们还合成了含有两个苝 二酰胺亚胺单元的"V-形"o-碳硼烷衍生物, 获得了能 够非接触式识别和分辨气态非法药物分子的发光薄 膜 [29] . 可见, 阻断发光基团间的强π-π相互作用是设计 高效固态发光材料的有效策略.…”