Non-Cooperative Spectrum Access Strategy Based on Impatient Behavior of Secondary Users in Cognitive Radio Networks

Abstract

In the cognitive radio network (CRN), secondary users (SUs) compete for limited spectrum resources, so the spectrum access process of SUs can be regarded as a non-cooperative game. With enough artificial intelligence (AI), SUs can adopt certain spectrum access strategies through their learning ability, so as to improve their own benefit. Taking into account the impatience of the SUs with the waiting time to access the spectrum and the fact that the primary users (PUs) have preemptive priority to use the licensed spectrum in the CRN, this paper proposed the repairable queueing model with balking and reneging to investigate the spectrum access. Based on the utility function from an economic perspective, the relationship between the Nash equilibrium and the socially optimal spectrum access strategy of SUs was studied through the analysis of the system model. Then a reasonable spectrum pricing scheme was proposed to maximize the social benefits. Simulation results show that the proposed access mechanism can realize the consistency of Nash equilibrium strategy and social optimal strategy to maximize the benefits of the whole cognitive system.

Edge-Cloud Offloading: Knapsack Potential Game in 5G Multi-Access Edge Computing

“…Recently, extensive studies have been conducted to investigate cost-effective offloading policies for 5G MEC [13]- [29]. In general, these studies fall into three categories: the impact of preemption [19]- [24], shared resource competition [13], [14], [25]- [29], and offloading decisions [15]- [18].…”

“…The authors of [23] develop a hybrid detection framework to improve the accuracy of channel information, where the system can reduce the obstacles caused by low-priority jobs and raise the usage of transmission resources. The authors of [24] propose a noncooperative game based on impatient secondary users. The main purpose in [24] is to effectively allocate the transmission resources to low-priority users.…”

“…The authors of [24] propose a noncooperative game based on impatient secondary users. The main purpose in [24] is to effectively allocate the transmission resources to low-priority users.…”

Outage Performance of Power Beacon-Aided Multi-Hop Cooperative Cognitive Radio Protocol Under Constraint of Interference and Hardware Noises

“…Cognitive radio (CR) [31] was proposed to solve spectrum-scarcity issue as well as inefficient spectrum usage. In this technique, primary users (or licensed users) can share their licensed bands to secondary users (or unlicensed users) [32][33][34]. Underlay spectrum sharing (USS) [35][36][37] is one of the efficient CR techniques, where the primary and secondary users can use the same bands.…”