Non-COVID-19 Cutaneous Mucormycosis from a Plastic Surgical Perspective

Abstract

Background Cutaneous mucormycosis is a rare and fulminant infection associated with high mortality. Plastic surgeons come across this infection in the settings of road traffic accidents, surgical site infections, and as a secondary infection with underlying bacterial soft tissue infections. Due to this infection's rarity and aggressive course, it is essential to initiate prompt multidisciplinary management at the first presentation. With this study, we aim to present a protocol for managing the condition. Methods This is a retrospective observational study of patients with cutaneous mucormycosis managed at a tertiary care hospital from January 1, 2016 to November 30, 2022 excluding patients with mucormycosis who tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019. Results Of 24 patients, 22 were males, and most were in the age group of 41 to 60 years. Sixteen patients survived and five out of eight deceased had comorbidities, six presented primarily without prior debridement, and six had trunk involvement. Conclusion A high index of clinical suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis and management of patients with invasive cutaneous mucormycosis. A multidisciplinary approach with appropriate medical and surgical management can improve outcomes in cases that otherwise carry a high mortality rate.