Non-crystalline composite tissue engineering scaffolds using boron-containing bioactive glass and poly(d,l-lactic acid) coatings

Abstract

The aim of this study was the fabrication of three-dimensional, highly porous, bioactive scaffolds using a recently developed bioactive glass powder, denominated '0106', with nominal composition (in wt%): 50 SiO(2), 22.6 CaO, 5.9 Na(2)O, 4 P(2)O(5), 12 K(2)O, 5.3 MgO and 0.2 B(2)O(3). The optimum sintering conditions for the fabrication of scaffolds by the foam-replica method were identified (sintering temperature: 670 degrees C and dwell time: 5 h). Composite samples were also fabricated by applying a biopolymer coating of poly((D,L)-lactic acid) (PDLLA) using a dip coating process. The average compressive strength values were 0.4 MPa for uncoated and 0.6 MPa for coated scaffolds. In vitro bioactivity studies in simulated body fluid (SBF) showed that a carbonate hydroxyapatite (HCAp) layer was deposited on uncoated and coated scaffolds after only 4 days of immersion in SBF, demonstrating the high in vitro bioactivity of the scaffolds. It was also confirmed that the scaffold structure remained amorphous (no crystallization) after the specific heat treatment used, with scaffolds exhibiting mechanical properties and bioactivity suitable for use in bone tissue engineering applications.

Influence of gelatin coatings on compressive strength of porous hydroxyapatite ceramics

“…Another method for increasing their mechanical strength without compromising the high porosity is the application of an appropriate polymer coating. Reports about the successful use of polycaprolactone (PCL), 6 poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), 7 poly(d,l-lactic acid), 8 dilactic-polylactic acid, 9 polymethylmethacrylate 10 or gelatin 11 can be found.…”

Bioactive composites for bone tissue engineering

“…Gelsinsky et al [53] manufactured porous scaffolds of collagen type I reinforced by HA and then generated porosity using a freeze-drying process. Their production technique [54] resulted in the simultaneous reassembly of the collagen fibrils and precipitation of nanoparticles of HA. After the freeze drying process the scaffolds were cross-linked.…”

Development and Applications of Varieties of Bioactive Glass Compositions in Dental Surgery, Third Generation Tissue Engineering, Orthopaedic Surgery and as Drug Delivery System

“…As summarized in Table 2 [reproduced from (Gerhardt & Boccaccini, 2010)], most of the studies have mainly investigated the mechanical properties, in vitro and cell biological behavior of glass-ceramic scaffolds (Baino et al, 2009;Boccaccini et al, 2007;Bretcanu et al, 2008;Brown et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2006a;Chen et al, 2008a;Chen et al, 2006b;Deb et al, 2010;Fu et al, 2010;Fu et al, 2007;Fu et al, 2008;Ghosh et al, 2008;Haimi et al, 2009;Klein et al, 2009;Kohlhauser et al, 2009;Mahmood et al, 2001;Mantsos et al, 2009;Miguel et al, 2010;Ochoa et al, 2009;Renghini et al, 2009;Vargas et al, 2009;Vitale-Brovarone et al, 2009a;Vitale-Brovarone et al, 2010;Vitale-Brovarone et al, 2009b;Vitale-Brovarone et al, 2008;Vitale-Brovarone et al, 2004;Vitale-Brovarone et al, 2005;Vitale-Brovarone et al, 2007;Vitale Brovarone et al, 2006). Scaffolds with compressive strength (Baino et al, 2009;Fu et al, 2010) and elastic modulus values (Fu et al, 2010;Fu et al, 2008) in magnitudes far above that of cancellous bone and close to the lower limit of cortical bone have been realized.…”