Non-destructive evaluation of corrosion in steel liner plates embedded in concrete using nonlinear ultrasonics

Nilsson, Markus; Huttunen-Saarivirta, Elina; Bohner, Edgar; Ferreira, Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133691

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…By synthesizing both the multiscale method and the trial solution method, as well as neglecting higher-order small quantities during the solution process, an approximate analytical solution to Equation (2) can be obtained, as follows:

where

represents the wavenumber, and

denotes the angular frequency. The variables

and

, respectively, stand for the amplitudes of the fundamental wave and the second harmonic, with the following relationship established between them:

where β /8, k 2 , x can be uniformly regarded as describing the nonlinearity coefficient of the medium [ 20 , 27 ]

, facilitating subsequent DI construction.

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring Fatigue Damage of Orthotropic Steel Decks Using Nonlinear Ultrasonic Waves

Liu,

Zheng,

Shen

et al. 2024

Materials

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Orthotropic steel decks (OSDs) are commonly used in the construction of bridges due to their load-bearing capabilities. However, they are prone to fatigue damage over time due to the cyclic loads from vehicles. Therefore, the early structural health monitoring of fatigue damage in OSDs is crucial for ensuring bridge safety. Moreover, Lamb waves, as elastic waves propagating in OSD plate-like structures, are characterized by their long propagation distances and minimal attenuation. This paper introduces a method of emitting high-energy ultrasonic waves onto the OSD surface to capture the nonlinear Lamb waves formed, thereby calculating the nonlinear parameters. These parameters are then correlated with the fatigue damage endured, forming a damage index (DI) for monitoring the fatigue life of OSDs. Experimental results indicate that as fatigue damage increases, the nonlinear parameters exhibit a significant initial increase followed by a decrease. The behavior is distinct from the characteristic parameters of linear ultrasound (velocity and energy), which also exhibit changes but to a relatively smaller extent. The proposed DI and fatigue life based on nonlinear parameters can be fitted with a Gaussian curve, with the R-squared value of the fitting curve being close to 1. Additionally, this paper discusses the influence of rib welds within the OSDs on the DI, whereby as fatigue damage increases, it enlarges the value of the nonlinear parameters without altering their trend. The proposed method provides a more effective approach for monitoring early fatigue damage in OSDs.

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where

represents the wavenumber, and

denotes the angular frequency. The variables

and

, respectively, stand for the amplitudes of the fundamental wave and the second harmonic, with the following relationship established between them:

where β /8, k 2 , x can be uniformly regarded as describing the nonlinearity coefficient of the medium [ 20 , 27 ]

, facilitating subsequent DI construction.

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where β/8, k 2 , x can be uniformly regarded as describing the nonlinearity coefficient of the medium [20,27] β 0 , facilitating subsequent DI construction.…”

Section: Nonlinear Ultrasonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%