Non-destructive measurement of artificial near-surface cracks for railhead inspection

Anandika, Rayendra; Stenström, Christer; Lundberg, Jan

doi:10.1784/insi.2019.61.7.373

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, as the tests within this investigation were performed using a frequency between 4 MHz and 5 MHz, this could have been a plausible explanation for increased wave scattering, thereby resulting in poor data-capture performance. However, previous studies have demonstrated that using a wedged probe compensates for increased scattering by providing a delay line and an angled incident wave [31]. Although wedged probes were used within this study, the results demonstrate that the both the automated robotic and manual systems are not appropriate for surface crack detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Defect-deflected echoes located a few millimetres in front of the transducer were found to be overshadowed by disturbing signals caused by the piezoelectric element ringing inside the transducer [32]. Anandika mitigated this issue by adopting a wedged phased-array technique [31]. Unlike a conventional ultrasound's single fixed-angle element (determined by the wedge), the advantage associated with the array phase system is that it utilises beam steering to create beams at multiple angles, allowing multi-angular defect testing via a single probe [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of an Ultrasonic Sensor within a Robotic End Effector for Application within Railway Track Flaw Detection

Cilia,

Griffiths,

Rees

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The rail industry is constantly facing challenges related to safety with regard to the detection of surface cracks and internal defects within rail tracks. Significant focus has been placed on developing sensor technologies that would facilitate the detection of flaws that compromise rail safety. In parallel, robot automation has demonstrated significant advancements in the integration of sensor technologies within end effectors. This study investigates the novel integration of an ultrasonic sensor within a robotic platform specifically for the application of detecting surface cracks and internal defects within rail tracks. The performance of the robotic sensor system was assessed on a rail track specimen containing sacrificial surface cracks and internal defects and then compared against a manual detection system. The investigation concludes that the robotic sensor system successfully identified internal defects in the web region of the rail track when utilising a 60° and 70° wedged probe, with a frequency range between 4 MHz and 5 MHz. However, the surface crack investigation proved that the transducer was insensitive to the detection of cracks, possibly due to the inadequate angle of the wedged probe. The overall outcome of the study highlights the potential that robotic sensor systems have in the detection of internal defects and characterises the limitations of surface crack identification to assist in enhancing rail safety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of an Ultrasonic Sensor within a Robotic End Effector for Application within Railway Track Flaw Detection

Cilia,

Griffiths,

Rees

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Defect de ected echoes located a few millimetres in front of the transducer were found be overshadowed by disturbing signals caused by the piezoelectric element ringing inside the transducer [33]. Anandika., mitigated this issue by adopting a wedged phased array technique [32]. Unlike the conventional ultrasound single xed angle element (determined by the wedge), the advantage associated with the array phase system is that it utilises beam steering to create beams at multiple angles, allowing multi-angular defect testing via a single probe [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, the location of the noise signals with respect to the surface defect position shifts, thereby increasing the probability of detection of the surface anomalies. Furthermore, it offers the advantage of a far more effective spatial sampling frequency, thereby increasing the scanning e ciency [32]. Considering these ndings, repeating the investigation with a 90 ° wedged probe might result in a different outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of an Ultrasonic Sensor within a Robotic End Effector for application within Railway Track Flaw Detection

Cilia,

Griffiths,

Rees

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The rail industry is constantly facing challenges related to safety with regards to the detection of surface cracks and internal defects within rail tracks. Significant focus has been placed on developing sensor technologies that would facilitate the detection of flaws that compromise rail safety. In parallel, robot automation has demonstrated significant advancements in the integration of sensor technologies within end effectors. This study investigates the novel integration of an ultrasonic sensor within a robotic platform specifically for the application of surface crack and internal defects within rail tracks. The performance of the robotic sensor system has been assessed on a rail track specimen containing sacrificial surface cracks and internal defects and then compared against a manual detection system. The investigation concludes that the robotic sensor system successfully identified internal defects in the web region of the rail track when utilising a 60° and 70° wedged probe, with a frequency range between 4 MHz and 5 MHz. However, the surface crack investigation proved that the transducer was insensitive to the detection of cracks, possibly due to the inadequate angle of the wedged probe. The overall outcome of the study highlights the potential that robotic sensor systems have in the detection of internal defects and characterises the limitation of surface crack identification to assist in enhancing rail safety.

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“…From the perspective of signal analysis, it is difficult to find an accurate correspondence between the signal and the defect, and to use the information from the signals to evaluate the defect. In recent years, there have been some relevant studies on eddy current signal processing and analysis [ 8 , 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Etmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Rail Defects Using NDT Methods

Xiong

Jing

Wang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The rapid development of high-speed and heavy-haul railways caused rapid rail defects and sudden failure. This requires more advanced rail inspection, i.e., real-time accurate identification and evaluation for rail defects. However, existing applications cannot meet future demand. In this paper, different types of rail defects are introduced. Afterwards, methods that have the potential to achieve rapid accurate detection and evaluation of rail defects are summarized, including ultrasonic testing, electromagnetic testing, visual testing, and some integrated methods in the field. Finally, advice on rail inspection is given, such as synchronously utilizing the ultrasonic testing, magnetic flux leakage, and visual testing for multi-part detection. Specifically, synchronously using the magnetic flux leakage and visual testing technologies can detect and evaluate surface and subsurface defects, and UT is used to detect internal defects in the rail. This will obtain full rail information, to prevent sudden failure, then ensure train ride safety.

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Non-destructive measurement of artificial near-surface cracks for railhead inspection

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Integration of an Ultrasonic Sensor within a Robotic End Effector for Application within Railway Track Flaw Detection

Integration of an Ultrasonic Sensor within a Robotic End Effector for Application within Railway Track Flaw Detection

Integration of an Ultrasonic Sensor within a Robotic End Effector for application within Railway Track Flaw Detection

Detection of Rail Defects Using NDT Methods

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