Non‐enteric infections, antibiotic use, and risk of development of functional gastrointestinal disorders

Paula, Helga; Grover, Madhusudan; Halder, Smita; Locke, G. Richard; Schleck, Cathy D.; Zinsmeister, Alan R.; Talley, Nicholas J.

doi:10.1111/nmo.12655

Cited by 59 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Further investigation should establish the physiological or pathological consequences of alteration in intraluminal content of amines, via the diet or changes in microbiota, as would be the case in antibiotic treatment [61] that may produce functional gastrointestinal disorders. As well as the role of TAAR expression on their effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory effect of intestinal polyamines and trace amines on the spontaneous phasic contractions of the isolated ileum and colon rings of mice

Sánchez

Suárez

Andrés

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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Background: Gastrointestinal motility modulatory factors include substances of the intestinal content, such as polyamines and trace amines (TAs), the focus of this study.Methods: The amines of food, intestinal content and from faecal bacteria of Swiss mice were determined by HPLC and functionally characterised in isolated distal ileum and medial colon rings.Results: Mouse food and intestinal content contain polyamines (spermidine>putrescine>spermine) and TAs (isoamylamine>cadaverine). Intestinal bacteria mainly produce putrescine and cadaverine. The amines inhibited the spontaneous motility of the ileum (0.1-3 mM) and colon rings (0.01-3 mM, with lower IC50), with: spermine~isoamylamine~spermidine. Spermine inhibition was tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive, while isoamylamine was TTX-sensitive, suggesting neural control. Mainly in the ileum, isoamylamine (3 mM) elicited acute effects modified by TTX, atropine and propranolol, and suppressed by spermine (3 mM), not being localized at the smooth muscle level. The amines assayed (3 mM), except putrescine and cadaverine in the ileum and isoamylamine in the colon, antagonised acetylcholine (ACh, 0.1 mM)-elicited phasic contractions. Isoamylamine and spermine in colon relaxed KCl (100 mM)-elicited tonic contractions, suggesting an effect on smooth muscle, but did not justify the suppression of motility caused by spermine and isoamylamine.Conclusions: Polyamines and TAs of the intestinal content might act on chemosensors and modulate intestinal peristalsis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory effect of intestinal polyamines and trace amines on the spontaneous phasic contractions of the isolated ileum and colon rings of mice

Sánchez

Suárez

Andrés

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…Known and presumed risk factors for developing func tional dyspepsia are gastrointestinal infections and traveller's diarrhoea 25 , antibiotic use 26 , intake of NSAIDs 27 , childhood abuse 28 , early environ mental microbial exposure 29 and other early life factors 30 , smoking 31 , overweight and obesity 32 and perceived stress 33 as well as psycho social states and traits (for example, anxiety and depression; see Psychosocial factors and brain mech anisms, below). Women have an overall higher prob ability of developing functional dyspepsia compared with men 34 , including post-infectious functional dys pepsia 35 .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional dyspepsia

Enck¹,

Azpiroz

Boeckxstaens

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

261

247

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| Functional dyspepsia is one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders. Functional dyspepsia comprises three subtypes with presumed different pathophysiology and aetiology: postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and a subtype with overlapping PDS and EPS features. Functional dyspepsia symptoms can be caused by disturbed gastric motility (for example, inadequate fundic accommodation or delayed gastric emptying), gastric sensation (for example, sensations associated with hypersensitivity to gas and bloating) or gastric and duodenal inflammation. A genetic predisposition is probable but less evident than in other functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Psychiatric comorbidity and psychopathological state and trait characteristics could also play a part, although they are not specific to functional dyspepsia and are less pronounced than in IBS. Possible differential diagnoses include Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulceration. Pharmacological therapy is mostly based on the subtype of functional dyspepsia, such as prokinetic and fundus-relaxing drugs for PDS and acid-suppressive drugs for EPS, whereas centrally active neuromodulators and herbal drugs play a minor part. Psychotherapy is effective only in a small subset of patients, whereas quality of life can be severely affected in nearly all patients. Future therapies might include novel compounds that attempt to treat the underlying gastric and duodenal inflammation. NATURE REVIEWS | DISEASE PRIMERS VOLUME 3 | ARTICLE NUMBER 17081 | 1 PRIMER © 2 0 1 7 M a c m i l l a n P u b l i s h e r s L i m i t e d , p a r t o f S p r i n g e r N a t u r e . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .standard therapy for gastro -oesophageal reflux disease. Paediatric dyspeptic symptoms are being addressed in a separate classification effort 10 . This Primer covers functional dyspepsia in adults only, although we sporadically refer to paediatric functional dyspepsia when similarities exist. EpidemiologyThe population prevalence of functional dyspepsia is quite variable across the globe, with overall high numbers (10-40%) in Western countries and low numbers (5-30%) in Asia, independent of the respective functional dyspepsia definitions 11 . A large-scale health and nutrition survey from France 12 (which involved >35,000 people) identified that 15% of individuals had suspected functional dyspepsia, 28% had irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 6% had both. The population of patients who are affected by both IBS and functional dyspepsia has been reported to range between 10% and 27% in previous studies 13 and to approach 30% in popu lation samples; it could be even higher in specific populations 14,15 . This observation has given rise to the term 'overlap syndrome' (REF. 13), which calls into question the sensitivity and specificity of the Rome criteria, at least for IBS and functional dyspepsia. This argument is also supported by the observation that patients with functional dyspepsia m...

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“…Food allergy or intolerance, particularly wheat exposure has been hypothesized to be important in FD but firm data are needed 63. Antibiotics and postinfectious gastroenteritis are risk factors perhaps through altering the microbiome 64,65…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Dyspepsia: Advances in Diagnosis and Therapy

Talley

2017

Gut and Liver

102

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Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common but under-recognized syndrome comprising bothersome recurrent postprandial fullness, early satiety, or epigastric pain/burning. Epidemiologically, there are two clinically distinct FD syndromes (although these often overlap clinically): postprandial distress syndrome (PDS; comprising early satiety or meal-related fullness) and epigastric pain syndrome. Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease overlap with FD more than expected by chance; a subset has pathological acid reflux. The pre-test probability of FD in a patient who presents with classical FD symptoms and no alarm features is high, approximately 0.7. Coexistent heartburn should not lead to the exclusion of FD as a diagnosis. One of the most exciting observations in FD has been the consistent finding of increased duodenal eosinophilia, notably in PDS. Small bowel homing T cells, signaling intestinal inflammation, and increased cytokines have been detected in the circulation, and elevated tumor necrosis factor-α levels have been significantly correlated with increased anxiety. Postinfectious gastroenteritis is a risk factor for FD. Therapeutic options remain limited and provide only symptomatic benefit in most cases. Only one therapy is known to change the natural history of FD–Helicobacter pylori eradication. Treatment of duodenal eosinophilia is under investigation.

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Non‐enteric infections, antibiotic use, and risk of development of functional gastrointestinal disorders

Cited by 59 publications

References 42 publications

Modulatory effect of intestinal polyamines and trace amines on the spontaneous phasic contractions of the isolated ileum and colon rings of mice

Modulatory effect of intestinal polyamines and trace amines on the spontaneous phasic contractions of the isolated ileum and colon rings of mice

Functional dyspepsia

Functional Dyspepsia: Advances in Diagnosis and Therapy

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