Non-equilibrium analysis of (α,xn) reactions on heavy nuclei

Singh, N. L.; Mukherjee, S. N.; Somayajulu, D. R. S.

doi:10.1007/bf02780697

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The initial exciton number no(poho) plays an important role because it governs the entire cascading process of the binary collisions and thereby influences the shape of the hard component in the particle spectra. A good guess would be the number of nucleons in the projectile or an additional particle/hole or both [2, 9,[31][32][33]. This view is quite consistent with the basic physics of the preequilibrium decay that only a small number of degrees of freedom is initially excited in nuclear reactions at moderate energies.…”

Section: Comparison With Theoretical Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Study of preequilibrium decay in (α,xn) reactions in holmium up to 70 MeV

et al. 1997

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Alpha particle induced reactions on the target element holmium were investigated upto 70 MeV using stacked foil activation technique and Ge(Li) gamma ray spectroscopy methods. Excitation functions for the formation of reaction residues 168Tm, 167Tm, 166Tm and 165Tm from α-induced reactions on 165Ho were investigated for the first time in the energy range from 50-70 MeV. The measured cross sections were compared with theoretical calculations considering equilibrium as well as preequilibrium hybrid models of Blann. The high energy tails of the excitation functions show a substantial contribution from preequilibrium emission. A general agreement is observed between the experimental results and theoretical predictions with an initial excition configuration of n0 = 4(4p 0h).

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Section: Comparison With Theoretical Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Study of preequilibrium decay in (α,xn) reactions in holmium up to 70 MeV

et al. 1997

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“…The diffi- culty to simulate astatine production from a lead-bismuth target comes first of all from the two production channels. The first one is related to the emission of one and only one π − in the interaction between the proton beam and a bismuth nucleus, 209 Bi(p, π − xn) 210−x At, and the second one brings into play the secondary helium nuclei, mostly the α, via 209 Bi( 3 He,xn) 212−x At and 209 Bi(α,xn) 213−x At, and with an incident energy below around 100 MeV [282][283][284][285][286][287][288][289][290][291][292][293]. In [137] new calculations are reported with the version INCL4.6.…”

Section: Megapie (Megawatt Pilotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spallation reactions: A successful interplay between modeling and applications

David

2015

Eur. Phys. J. A

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The spallation reactions are a type of nuclear reaction which occur in space by interaction of the cosmic rays with interstellar bodies. The first spallation reactions induced with an accelerator took place in 1947 at the Berkeley cyclotron (University of California) with 200 MeV deuterons and 400 MeV alpha beams. They highlighted the multiple emission of neutrons and charged particles and the production of a large number of residual nuclei far different from the target nuclei. The same year R. Serber describes the reaction in two steps: a first and fast one with high-energy particle emission leading to an excited remnant nucleus, and a second one, much slower, the de-excitation of the remnant. In 2010 IAEA organized a worskhop to present the results of the most widely used spallation codes within a benchmark of spallation models. If one of the goals was to understand the deficiencies, if any, in each code, one remarkable outcome points out the overall high-quality level of some models and so the great improvements achieved since Serber. Particle transport codes can then rely on such spallation models to treat the reactions between a light particle and an atomic nucleus with energies spanning from few tens of MeV up to some GeV. An overview of the spallation reactions modeling is presented in order to point out the incomparable contribution of models based on basic physics to numerous applications where such reactions occur. Validations or benchmarks, which are necessary steps in the improvement process, are also addressed, as well as the potential future domains of development. Spallation reactions modeling is a representative case of continuous studies aiming at understanding a reaction mechanism and which end up in a powerful tool.

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“…In figure 7-8, we have compared the measured production cross sections of 211 At [10] and 210 At [5,10,40,41] produced from α-induced reactions on 209 Bi target through (α, 2n) and (α, 3n) channels reported by several authors with the theoretical predictions obtained from TALYS, ALICE91 and PACE-II. Figure 7 shows that TALYS perfectly matches with the measured data of 211 At [10] in the range shown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical approach to explore the production routes of astatine radionuclides

Maiti

Lahiri

2009

Phys. Rev. C

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In order to fulfill the recent thrust of Astatine radionuclides in the field of nuclear medicine various production routes have been explored in the present work. The possible production routes of 209−211 At comprise both light and heavy ion induced reactions at the bombarding energy range starting from threshold to maximum 100 MeV energy. For this purpose, we have used the nuclear reaction model codes TALYS, ALICE91 and PACE-II. Excitation functions of those radionuclides, produced through various production routes, have been calculated using nuclear reaction model codes and compared with the available measured data. Contribution of various reaction mechanisms, like, direct, preequilibrium and equilibrium reactions, to the total reaction cross section has been studied using the codes. Result shows that equilibrium reaction mechanism dominates in all cases over other reaction mechanisms.

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Non-equilibrium analysis of (α,xn) reactions on heavy nuclei

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Study of preequilibrium decay in (α,xn) reactions in holmium up to 70 MeV

Study of preequilibrium decay in (α,xn) reactions in holmium up to 70 MeV

Spallation reactions: A successful interplay between modeling and applications

Theoretical approach to explore the production routes of astatine radionuclides

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