Non-exclusive Breastfeeding amongst High-Risk Children

Rynjah, Mary Magdalene; Jayaseelan, V.; Adhisivam, B; Olickal, Jeby Jose; Sundaram, Shanthosh Priyan; Chinnakali, Palanivel

doi:10.4103/npmj.npmj_294_20

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Employed mothers were more likely to initiate formula than unemployed mothers. This finding is consistent with studies conducted in Indonesia (Nasrul et al, 2020), India (Rynjah et al, 2021), Namibia (Berde, 2017), North Jordan (Khasawneh &Khasawneh, 2017), andGonder Town (Asfaw Admasu, 2016). This could be due to employed mothers being scheduled more on their outside work and having no adequate time for their baby to breastfeed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Formula feeding and associated factors among mothers with infants 0–6 months old in Mettu Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Kera¹,

Zewdie²,

Akafu

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adequate nutrition during infancy is essential for children's normal development and well-being. However, the duration of breastfeeding has been declining and is being replaced by formula feeding, particularly in the urban communities of developing countries, including Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess formula feeding and its associated factors, as relatively little information is available regarding this problem in Ethiopia, particularly in Mettu Town. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mettu Town from May 17 to July 1, 2021, among 366 mothers with infants 0-6 months old. A simple random sampling technique was used in this study.Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were performed, and variables with a p-value <0.05 in the final model were declared statistically significant with formula feeding found to be 28.4% [95%

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Formula feeding and associated factors among mothers with infants 0–6 months old in Mettu Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Kera¹,

Zewdie²,

Akafu

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are also large associated economic losses, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries (SSAs) (11). Recent evidence indicates that taking "4 months of age" as an optimal window for starting additional foods against the WHO recommendations at "6 months of age" (1), in both developed and developing countries (12,13) along with other socioeconomic and demographic factors (14)(15)(16)(17)(18), is strongly believed to be associated with a higher magnitude of NEBF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology and associated factors of non-exclusive breastfeeding: a comparative cross-sectional study of livelihood-secure and insecure areas

Negesse,

Girma,

Desalegn

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionRegardless of national commitment, non-exclusive breastfeeding (NEBF) is a public health problem that worsens over time. It can be associated with sociodemographic, economic, and environmental factors and may vary depending on livelihood security. Hence, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of NEBF and identify its associated factors by considering two areas with varied degrees of livelihood security.MethodsThis study represented a comparative cross-sectional survey of 1,060 under 6 months (u6m) infant–mother pairs. Both descriptive and analytic statistics were evaluated using STATA version 17 packages. A binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of NEBF. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to measure the significance of the association at a p-value of <0.05.ResultsThe pooled magnitude of 51% of NEBF mothers (95% CI: 48.0, 54.0) was 53.1% (95% CI: 49.2, 57.0) and 48.1% (95% CI: 43.4, 52.8) in livelihood-secure and livelihood-insecure areas, respectively. The lack of recollecting the infant’s birth date by mothers (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.15–4.40) had the highest odds of NEBF while household heads with tertiary education (AOR = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.01–0.54) and the poorest households (AOR = 0.43; 95%CI = 0.20–0.82) had the lowest odds of NEBF in livelihood-secure areas but not in livelihood-insecure areas. Moreover, mothers with male infants (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.18–2.92) had high odds of NEBF in livelihood-insecure areas but not in livelihood-secure areas. Infants of 2 to less than 4-month-old (AOR = 8.5; 95% CI = 3.47–18.63) and 4 to less than 6-month-old (AOR = 22.2; 95% CI = 8.02–51.97) in livelihood-secure areas and infants of 2 to less than 4-month-old (AOR = 4.3; 95% CI = 1.29–11.67) and 4 to less than 6-month-old (AOR = 8.3; 95% CI = 2.44–22.39) in livelihood-insecure areas had high odds of NEBF.ConclusionOver half of the mothers were practicing NEBF, which represents a failure to meet national and international targets. Area vulnerability to livelihood security modifies factors of NEBF. Male infants in insecure areas, infants of unknown age in secure areas, and infants aged 2 months or older, regardless of setting, were more vulnerable to NEBF. However, households with the lowest wealth and higher household head educational status in livelihood-secure areas were less vulnerable to NEBF. Hence, livelihood-based interventions targeting mothers of 2 to less than 6-month-old infants, with emphasis on these factors, may help address and reduce NEBF.

show abstract

“…Further, it is essential to understand caregivers' context-specific experiences of LBW infant feeding, including beliefs, practices, facilitators, and barriers [25]. Existing evidence is based on general or normal birthweight (NBW; ≥2.5 kg) infants, and little is known about facilitators and barriers of EBF provision and other feeding alternatives among LBW infants [26][27][28]. While some previous studies sought to understand the opinions and influence of family members and health care providers (HCPs) on LBW infant feeding practices [29][30][31], a gap remains in understanding the perspectives of other influencers, including community members and elders, government officials, and experts who focus on DHM and the infant feeding supply chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitators, barriers, and key influencers of breastfeeding among low birthweight infants: a qualitative study in India, Malawi, and Tanzania

Vesel,

Benotti,

Somji

et al. 2023

Int Breastfeed J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Low birthweight (LBW) infants are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Exclusive breastfeeding up to six months is recommended to help them thrive through infection prevention, growth improvements, and enhancements in neurodevelopment. However, limited data exist on the feeding experiences of LBW infants, their caregivers and key community influencers. The qualitative component of the Low Birthweight Infant Feeding Exploration (LIFE) study aimed to understand practices, facilitators, and barriers to optimal feeding options in the first six months for LBW infants in low-resource settings. Methods This study was conducted in four sites in India, Malawi, and Tanzania from July 2019 to August 2020. We conducted 37 focus group discussions with mothers and family members of LBW infants and community leaders and 142 in-depth interviews with healthcare providers, government officials, and supply chain and donor human milk (DHM) experts. Data were analyzed using a framework approach. Results All participants believed that mother’s own milk was best for LBW infants. Direct breastfeeding was predominant and feeding expressed breast milk and infant formula were rare. DHM was a new concept for most. Adequate maternal nutrition, lactation support, and privacy in the facility aided breastfeeding and expression, but perceived insufficient milk, limited feeding counseling, and infant immaturity were common barriers. Most believed that DHM uptake could be enabled through community awareness by overcoming misconceptions, safety concerns, and perceived family resistance. Conclusion This study fills an evidence gap in LBW infant feeding practices and their facilitators and barriers in resource-limited settings. LBW infants face unique feeding challenges such as poor latching and tiring at the breast. Similarly, their mothers are faced with numerous difficulties, including attainment of adequate milk supply, breast pain and emotional stress. Lactation support and feeding counseling could address obstacles faced by mothers and infants by providing psychosocial, verbal and physical support to empower mothers with skills, knowledge and confidence and facilitate earlier, more and better breast milk feeding. Findings on DHM are critical to the future development of human milk banks and highlight the need to solicit partnership from stakeholders in the community and health system.

show abstract

Non-exclusive Breastfeeding amongst High-Risk Children

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Formula feeding and associated factors among mothers with infants 0–6 months old in Mettu Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Formula feeding and associated factors among mothers with infants 0–6 months old in Mettu Town, Southwest Ethiopia

The epidemiology and associated factors of non-exclusive breastfeeding: a comparative cross-sectional study of livelihood-secure and insecure areas

Facilitators, barriers, and key influencers of breastfeeding among low birthweight infants: a qualitative study in India, Malawi, and Tanzania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About