Non-Farm Employment in Small-Scale Enterprises in Romania: Policy and development Issues

Firms’ Performance and Lending Constraints in Nigeria

“…The results show that fi rms that receive banks loans signifi cantly perform better than those without such loans, particularly in terms of profi ts and level of sales. The result corroborates similar study in Romania by Davis and Gaburici (2001). This suggests that bank loans could lead directly to additional capital inputs, which tend to lead to better chances of survival, because businesses can always benefi t from additional funding, and, thus, increase their volume of business.…”

The Rural Non-farm Economy and Poverty Alleviation in Armenia, Georgia and Romania: A Synthesis of Findings

“…The lack of access to capital makes it difficult to start and develop a business. In all three countries, inadequate access to formal credit was singled out as a major constraint to investment and entrepreneurship (Davis and Gaburici, 2001;Bezemer and Davis, 2003a,b,c).…”

Households and Individuals

“…In Armenia, lower education levels amongst the Yezid population is seen as explaining, at least in part, their lower involvement in non-farm activities (Kharatyan, 2002). In two counties of Romania, rural enterprises where the manager has a university degree were found to have significantly higher turnover per worker than other firms (Davis and Gaburici, 2001). In this country, rural entrepreneurs that have successfully diversified into non-farm activities enjoy higher education levels than the respective county and national averages (Davis, 2001).…”

“…• In the rural areas of Armenia, Georgia and Romania it is men who generally start and manage small and medium-size non-farm businesses, often combining that activity with farming (Kharatyan, 2002;Bezemer and Davis, 2001; Davis and Gaburici, 2001). Both men and women cultivate the family plots and bring the surplus produce to the market.…”