“…Both contractions and expansions have been noticed and reported in the literature in the previous clinical studies of thermal ablation (Merkle et al 2005, Ganguli et al 2008, Brace et al 2010, Sommer et al 2013, Rossmann et al 2013, Ziemlewicz et al 2014, Moreland et al 2014, Farina et al 2014, Liu and Brace 2014, Lee et al 2016, Amabile et al 2017, Lopresto et al 2018, Farina et al 2018. At the same time, very few numerical studies are available in literature that incorporate systematically the thermo-elastic wave equation for capturing mechanical deformations induced by thermal expansion during thermal ablative procedures (Keangin et al 2011, Li et al 2014, Chaichanyut and Tungjitkusolmun 2016, Li et al 2017, Keangin and Rattanadecho 2018, Wongchadakul et al 2018, Karaki et al 2018. Moreover, tissue contraction induced by protein denaturation at elevated temperatures during thermal ablation procedures have been clearly missing in such numerical studies.…”