Non-Heme Iron Absorption and Utilization from Typical Whole Chinese Diets in Young Chinese Urban Men Measured by a Double-Labeled Stable Isotope Technique

Abstract

BackgroundThis study was to observe the non-heme iron absorption and biological utilization from typical whole Chinese diets in young Chinese healthy urban men, and to observe if the iron absorption and utilization could be affected by the staple food patterns of Southern and Northern China.Materials and MethodsTwenty-two young urban men aged 18–24 years were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups in which the staple food was rice and steamed buns, respectively. Each subject received 3 meals containing approximately 3.25 mg stable 57FeSO4 (the ratio of 57Fe content in breakfast, lunch and dinner was 1:2:2) daily for 2 consecutive days. In addition, approximately 2.4 mg 58FeSO4 was administered intravenously to each subject at 30–60 min after dinner each day. Blood samples were collected from each subject to measure the enrichment of the 57Fe and 58Fe. Fourteen days after the experimental diet, non-heme iron absorption was assessed by measuring 57Fe incorporation into red blood cells, and absorbed iron utilization was determined according to the red blood cell incorporation of intravenously infused 58Fe SO4.ResultsNon-heme iron intake values overall, and in the rice and steamed buns groups were 12.8 ±2.1, 11.3±1.3 and 14.3±1.5 mg, respectively; the mean 57Fe absorption rates were 11±7%, 13±7%, and 8±4%, respectively; and the mean infused 58Fe utilization rates were 85±8%, 84±6%, and 85±10%, respectively. There was no significantly difference in the iron intakes, and 57Fe absorption and infused 58Fe utilization rates between rice and steamed buns groups (all P>0.05).ConclusionWe present the non-heme iron absorption and utilization rates from typical whole Chinese diets among young Chinese healthy urban men, which was not affected by the representative staple food patterns of Southern and Northern China. This study will provide a basis for the setting of Chinese iron DRIs.

Iron physiological requirements in Chinese adults assessed by the stable isotope labeling technique

“…This proportion, which we called the circulating rate, was actually equal to the erythrocyte incorporation rate mentioned in other studies because the formulas were to calculate the ratio of 58 Fe in the blood compared to the 58 Fe administrated. In the article published by our group in 2016 [ 20 ], the 58 Fe incorporation rate of males was 85%, consistent to our rate of 85.46%. While in this paper, the concentration of total iron in blood was measured by AAS, which might be more accurate than previous studies using hemoglobin concentration as an estimate.…”

“…By monitoring the first 14 days, our team obtained the absorption rate and the red cell utilization rate of non-heme iron, and the results of male have been published. Specific diet recipes and the preparation of isotopically labeled iron have also been described in detail in the previous article [ 20 ]. The women and men underwent the same procedure in this study, while the current article on women has not yet been published.…”

High iron bioaccessibility from co-microencapsulated iron/ascorbic acid using chelating polypeptides from brewers’ spent grain protein as wall material

“…The main long-term strategy to solve this problem is food fortification. However, the proportion of iron that is absorbed and used in normal body functions (iron bioavailability) is strongly influenced by dietary components (Bryszewska et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2016). In this regard, non-heme iron can interact with several food components during gastrointestinal digestion and form complexes, which can increase or decrease mineral absorption (Lazarte, Carlsson, Almgren, Sandberg, & Granfeldt, 2015).…”

Physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age assessed by the stable isotope tracer technique

“…The iron circulation rate in women of reproductive age was 80.4%, which has no significant difference with the result 82.8% in our previous study [20], and was close to that in other studies. In the article published by our team in 2016, the 58 Fe incorporation rate of males was 85% [25]. Hiroshi Saito et al in 1964 reported that the average utilization radio of iron was 90, and 10% remained in tissues of 12 men [18].…”