Non-Hermitian engineering of single mode two dimensional laser arrays

Teimourpour, Mohammad Hosain; Li, Ge; Christodoulides, Demetrios N.; El‐Ganainy, Ramy

doi:10.1038/srep33253

Cited by 54 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…The exceptional points (EPs), observed in the non-Hermitian parity–time (PT)-symmetric physical systems that possess multi-well potentials of energy gain or loss1234567891011121314, have been recently explored in coupled optical cavities consisting of two identical micrometre-sized cavities, by controlling intercavity coupling and asymmetric gain or loss1516171819. For example, EPs and unidirectional light transmission were measured in active and passive silica microtoroids coupled to tapered fibres, where the intercavity coupling was tuned1516.…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct observation of exceptional points in coupled photonic-crystal lasers with asymmetric optical gains

et al. 2016

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Although counter-intuitive features have been observed in non-Hermitian optical systems based on micrometre-sized cavities, the achievement of a simplified but unambiguous approach to enable the efficient access of exceptional points (EPs) and the phase transition to desired lasing modes remains a challenge, particularly in wavelength-scale coupled cavities. Here, we demonstrate coupled photonic-crystal (PhC) nanolasers with asymmetric optical gains, and observe the phase transition of lasing modes at EPs through tuning of the area of graphene cover on one PhC cavity and systematic scanning photoluminescence measurements. As the gain contrast between the two identical PhC cavities exceeds the intercavity coupling, the phase transition occurs from the bonding/anti-bonding lasing modes to the single-amplifying lasing mode, which is confirmed by the experimental measurement of the mode images and the theoretical modelling of coupled cavities with asymmetric gains. In addition, we demonstrate active tuning of EPs by controlling the optical loss of graphene through electrical gating.

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Direct observation of exceptional points in coupled photonic-crystal lasers with asymmetric optical gains

et al. 2016

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“…The introduction of parity-time reversal (PT) symmetry [1] in optics [2][3][4][5][6] has motivated a new line of research that aims at utilizing the peculiar effects associated with PT symmetry in order to achieve novel photonic functionalities ranging from optical isolation [7,8] and unidirectional invisibility [9] to PT lasers [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and optomechanical oscillators [17,18]. In addition, these developments have stimulated further work in the general field of non-Hermitian photonics that do not necessarily respect PT symmetry such as exceptional points-based sensors [17,18], microlasers that emit in an angular momentum mode [19], and supersymmetric laser arrays [13,20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Parametric amplification in quasi-PT symmetric coupled waveguide structures

et al. 2016

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The concept of non-Hermitian parametric amplification was recently proposed as a means to achieve an efficient energy conversion throughout the process of nonlinear three wave mixing in the absence of phase matching. Here we investigate this effect in a waveguide coupler arrangement whose characteristics are tailored to introduce passive PT symmetry only for the idler component. By means of analytical solutions and numerical analysis, we demonstrate the utility of these novel schemes and obtain the optimal design conditions for these devices.

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“…In all of these approaches unwanted lasing modes has been suppressed via adding extra lossy elements in system in such a way that out-of-phase modes experience greater attenuation and higher lasing threshold compared to in-phase mode. These approaches have been studied both theoretically and experimentally [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], however, one of the main disadvantages of these methods is their efficiency. That is, in non-Hermitian laser engineering, the laser system consists of a number of distributed laser cavities, some of which lase others are passive lossy elements.…”

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Extra Loss-free Non-Hermitian Engineered Single Mode Laser Systems (Conference Presentation)

Teimourpour

Heidari

Dalir

et al. 2020

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In a laser system non-Hermitian methods such as Parity-Time (PT) Symmetry and Supersymmetry (SUSY) have shown and demonstrated the ability to suppress unwanted lasing modes and, thus, achieved single mode lasing operation through the addition of lossy passive elements. While these approaches enable laser engineering versatility, they rely on the drawback of adding optical losses to a system tasked to produce single mode gain. Unlike PT and SUSY lasers, here we show an extra loss-free non-Hermitian laser engineering approach to realize single mode lasing operation for the first time. By selectively enhancing the fundamental mode's quality factor, we obtain single mode operation with higher output power per cavity since all cavities in this system contribute to the laser output, in contrast to other non-Hermitian approaches. Furthermore, we show that this approach interestingly allows reducing the number of tobe-designed cavities in super-partner array as compared with, for example, the SUSY approach, thus leading to reduced design complexity upon coupled cavity scale up of laser arrays. In summary, the ability to engineer coupled laser systems where each laser cavity contributes to coherent light amplification opens up a new degree of laser-design freedom leading to increased device performance and simultaneous reduced design and fabrication complexity. Introduction:Non-Hermitian engineering of photonic systems for achieving certain functionalities has been a subject of passionate investigations in the past decade [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. This interest was sparked by many applications such as single mode lasing [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], lasing dynamics control [21-23] and saturable absorber [24] to just mention a few [25].where the interaction between mismatched modes Ω and Ω is ignored, see Fig. 1(B).

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Non-Hermitian engineering of single mode two dimensional laser arrays

Cited by 54 publications

References 38 publications

Direct observation of exceptional points in coupled photonic-crystal lasers with asymmetric optical gains

Direct observation of exceptional points in coupled photonic-crystal lasers with asymmetric optical gains

Parametric amplification in quasi-PT symmetric coupled waveguide structures

Extra Loss-free Non-Hermitian Engineered Single Mode Laser Systems (Conference Presentation)

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