Non–high-density lipoprotein fractions are strongly associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome independent of obesity and diabetes: a population-based study among Iranian adults

Abstract

BackgroundNon-HDL-C as a valuable predictor of premature atherosclerosis, coronary events like first Myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality has a high accuracy of measurement both in fasting and non-fasting individuals. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can promote the development of diabetes mellitus, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. A common pathway for cross linking of metabolic abnormalities and non-HDL-C has been suggested. In this study we aimed to describe the potential association between non-HDL cholesterol fractions and metabolic syndrome.MethodsData of third national surveillance of the risk factors of non-communicable diseases (SuRFNCD-2007) were analyzed. We defined metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria for 2125 subjects aging 25–64 years. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cut-points for the diagnosis of MetS. The curves were depicted for non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and difference of total non-HDL-C and LDL-C (Differential cholesterol or Diff-C) as predictors of MetS. Logistic regression was also performed in a complex sample analysis scheme.ResultsThe area under the curve (AUC) with 95% Confidence intervals of total non-HDL-C was computed. Values were 0.693 (0.670-0.715) for IDF-defined MetS and 0.719 (0.697-0.740) for ATPIII criteria. The optimal non-HDL-C cut-point we recommend for both criteria is 153.50 mg/dl (sensitivity: 75.7%, specificity: 57.2%, with ATPIII; sensitivity: 73.2%, specificity: 57.1%, with IDF). Using IDF criteria, the accuracy of predictors were greater in non-diabetic subjects. AUC of Diff-C in DM (−) vs. DM (+) were 0.786 (0.765-0.807) vs. 0.627(0.549-0.705). Adults with high non–HDL-C were 4.42 times more likely to have ATPIII-defined MetS (≥190 vs. < 190 mg/dL). Elevated Diff-C corresponded to increased risk of the MetS (ORs: 10.71 and 26.29 for IDF and ATP III criteria, respectively. All P-values <0.001).ConclusionsA significant robust association exists between non-HDL-C and MetS whether applying conventional or new thresholds.

Are non-high–density lipoprotein fractions associated with pediatric metabolic syndrome? The CASPIAN-V study

“…Because metabolic abnormalities are strongly associated with atherosclerosis, non-HDL-C can be an appropriate index for identifying individuals with MetS [ 16 ]). The strong association between non-HDL-C and MetS has been previously demonstrated [ 17 – 19 ]. However, the other evidences show that non-HDL-C levels varied in terms of sex, age group, and ethnic group [ 20 ].…”

“…Several studies have recommended the use of non- HDL-C as a valuable predictor for dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risks [ 19 , 24 , 25 ]. Because dyslipidemia is a hallmark of metabolic syndrome and prevalence of dyslipidemia in Iran is high [ 26 – 28 ] , this study evaluated the relation between non-HDL-C and MetS.…”

Association between HDL Cholesterol Levels and the Consumption of Vitamin A in Metabolically Healthy Obese Lebanese: A Cross-Sectional Study among Adults in Lebanon

“…Obesity is a principal causative factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. Increased oxidative stress in accumulated fat is an important pathogenic mechanism of obesity-associated metabolic syndrome [ 9 ], which is a constellation of risk factors characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia associated with insulin resistance [ 10 ]. Consequently, obesity is generally associated with numerous cardiometabolic disorders.…”

Evaluation of Dapagliflozin in diabetes induced endothelial dysfunction in rats

“…Diabetes is said to be foremost cause of mortality and morbidity in the www.ajpp.in world. Diabetes is the disorder which is related to other complications such as cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy (Loghmani and Stang, 2005;Kitabchi et al, 2009;Ghodsi, 2017).…”

“…Lots of the complication in diabetes are associated to total serum glucose and accelerated era of reactive oxygen species, which go earlier to endothelial dysfunction. (Ghodsi, 2017) The endothelium is the deepest layer of blood vessels, that's why it's the major organ in the body. It has a range of most vital biological services additional to its location as a mechanical lining.…”