Non-indigenous invertebrate species in the marine fouling communities of British Columbia, Canada

Gartner, Heidi; Murray, Cathryn Clarke; Frey, Melissa A.; Nelson, Jocelyn C.; Larson, Kristen; Ruiz, Gregory M.; Therriault, Thomas W.

doi:10.3391/bir.2016.5.4.03

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…A rectangular 2 km by 1.5 km grid was measured in the center of Departure Bay, British Columbia, Canada (Supporting Information S6). This area has a well‐characterized NIS assemblage (Gartner et al, ; T.W. Therriault, unpublished data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new approach to molecular biosurveillance of invasive species using DNA metabarcoding

Westfall

Therriault

Abbott

2019

Global Change Biology

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Non‐indigenous species (NIS) reach every corner of the world, at times wreaking havoc on ecosystems and costing the global economy billions of dollars. A rapid and accurate biosurveillance tool tailored to a particular biogeographic region is needed to detect NIS when they are first introduced into an area as traditional detection methods are expensive and require specialized expertise. Metabarcoding of environmental and community DNA meets those biosurveillance requirements; a novel tool tailored to the Northwest Pacific Ocean is presented here using an approach that could revolutionize early detection of NIS. Eight newly designed genetic markers for multiple gene regions were implemented to meet the stringent taxonomic requirements for the detection of NIS across four major marine phyla. The tool was considered highly successful because it identified 12 known NIS in the study area and a further seven species representing potential new records. Overall community composition detected here was statistically different between substrate types; zooplankton sampling accounted for significantly higher species richness than filtered sea water in most cases, but this was dominated by mollusk and arthropod species. Both substrate types sampled were required to identify the wide taxonomic breadth of known NIS in the study area. Intensive sampling is known to be paramount for the detection of rare species, including new incursions of NIS, thus it is recommended to include diverse DNA sampling protocols based on species’ life‐history characteristics for broad detection capacity. Application of a metabarcoding‐based molecular biosurveillance tool optimized for biogeographic regions enables rapid and accurate early detection across a wide taxonomic range to allow quick implementation of eradication or control efforts and potentially mitigate some of the devastating effects of NIS worldwide.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed analyses for in silico primer design, and in silico and in situ PCR primer evaluation (Figure 1, Steps 2 and 3) are described in Supporting Information S1-S5. This area has a well-characterized NIS assemblage (Gartner et al, 2016; T.W. Therriault, unpublished data).…”

Section: Genetic Marker Development For Metabarcodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach to molecular biosurveillance of invasive species using DNA metabarcoding

Westfall

Therriault

Abbott

2019

Global Change Biology

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“…The monitoring was carried out for three consecutive years (2018-2020) by applying a standardized protocol developed by the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (Edgewater, MD, United States) that is being used to detect and track NIS in the U.S as well as Canada, Ecuador, and Panama (see also de Rivera et al, 2005;Gartner et al, 2016;Simkanin et al, 2016;Marraffini et al, 2017;Tracy et al, 2017;Chang et al, 2018;Jurgens et al, 2018;Newcomer et al, 2018Newcomer et al, , 2019Carlton, 2019;Torchin et al, 2021). A total of 50 PVC settlement panels (14 × 14 cm) were deployed in the summer of each year in the Gulf of La Spezia, allocating 10 panels in each site.…”

Section: Monitoring Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Non-indigenous Species in Port Habitats: First Application of a Standardized North American Protocol in the Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2021

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Baseline port monitoring for fouling communities is an essential tool to assess non-indigenous species (NIS) introduction and spread, but a standardized and coordinated method among Mediterranean and European countries has not yet been adopted. In this context, it is important to test monitoring protocols that allow for the collection of standardized and directly comparable data, replicated across time and space. Here, for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea, we tested a standardized protocol developed by the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) and used now in several countries. The 3-year monitoring survey (2018–2020) was conducted in the Gulf of La Spezia (Ligurian Sea, Italy), with the deployment of a total of 50 PVC panels per year in five different sites (a commercial harbor, three marinas and a site in the proximity of a shellfish farm). A total of 79 taxa were identified, including 11 NIS, ranging from zero to seven NIS for each panel. In comparison with previous surveys, new NIS arrivals were observed in the Gulf of La Spezia: Botrylloides cf. niger, Branchiomma sp., Branchiomma luctuosum, Paraleucilla magna, and Watersipora arcuata. At the end of the 3-year monitoring, mean richness? and percent cover of NIS were measured, and both measures differed across the monitoring sites, with higher values in two marinas and in the commercial harbor. Among years, richness of NIS was relatively stable at each monitoring site. The structure of the fouling was influenced more by native and cryptogenic species than by NIS. Moreover, among the monitoring sites, the density of artificial structures was not a reliable predictor or proxy for local NIS abundance. This first application of the SERC method in the Mediterranean Sea, demonstrates both pros and cons, including the detection of new NIS reported here. Further direct comparisons with other NIS monitoring tools are recommended, and additional tests to assess its effectiveness in this biogeographical area are encouraged. A broader application of this and other standard methods across temporal and spatial scales in the Mediterranean basin should be implemented, providing critical data needed to assess changes in the structure of fouling communities.

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“…In addition, there were records for 138 marine NIS, which represents 48% of the total reported for western North America (California to Alaska; Ruiz et al 2011). A majority of the NIS were recorded from artificial structures or settlement plates suspended from those structures, and all have the potential to occur within biofouling communities and be transferred during translocation events (Gartner et al 2016;Fofonoff et al 2018).…”

Section: Spatial Extent Of Sms and Nismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic exchange from movement of ‘static’ maritime structures

2018

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Coastal infrastructure provides extensive habitat for marine nonindigenous species (''NIS''), especially biofouling species. Ecosystem transplants can arise when static maritime structures (''SMS'') are relocated under slow towing speeds following long periods of biofouling accumulation. Translocations of SMS occur more often than acknowledged and represent a high-risk vector of marine NIS that is largely overlooked and unregulated. We compiled geolocations and movement patterns for oil platforms, derelict/obsolete vessels, barges, dry docks, floating lodges, homes and docks, aquaculture gear and buoys for the NE Pacific coast. We related these data to NIS richness within the region and to global examples of SMS movement. Our review and synthesis of SMS, paired with biofouling surveys before and after dock towing events, reveal the growing NIS vector opportunities resulting from sprawling coastal infrastructure. As coastal development continues apace in the Anthropocene, this emerging management challenge will require strong frameworks and workable solutions for a global issue that currently lacks incentives to prevent species transfers and invasions.

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Non-indigenous invertebrate species in the marine fouling communities of British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

A new approach to molecular biosurveillance of invasive species using DNA metabarcoding

A new approach to molecular biosurveillance of invasive species using DNA metabarcoding

Monitoring Non-indigenous Species in Port Habitats: First Application of a Standardized North American Protocol in the Mediterranean Sea

Biotic exchange from movement of ‘static’ maritime structures

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