Non-invasive assessment of reproductive status and stress in captive Asian elephants in three south Indian zoos

Glucocorticoid Stress Responses of Reintroduced Tigers in Relation to Anthropogenic Disturbance in Sariska Tiger Reserve in India

“…The ethanol stored samples were further extracted within a week to avoid variation in steroid metabolite concentration due to storage as previously reported [44]. To examine variation in fecal hormone metabolite concentrations due to storage in ethanol, we analyzed hormone concentrations with reference to the number of days stored in ethanol [35], and did not find any significant differences in fecal steroid metabolite concentrations between samples stored directly at -30°C and those stored in ethanol for up to 7 days at room temperature ( p = 0.09). Similarly, we did not find any significant difference in fecal hormone metabolite concentration post defecation for samples stored at RT for up to 24hrs in a controlled environment ( p = 0.10).…”

“…Fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) concentrations were determined using a cortisol EIA (R4866, Dr. Coralie Munro, University of California, Davis), previously shown to provide reliable information on adrenocortical function in various mammals, including tigers [35, 47–49]. The assay was carried out as previously described by [35].…”

“…amphibians [27], reptiles [28], birds [29] and mammals [30–32]). As human induced stress can directly affect health and reproduction in wildlife [33–35], it might lead to an overall population decline [36], especially in species which are already facing threats of extinction due to other factors such as poaching, decline of prey and quality of habitat.…”

Endocrine Profiling of Endangered Tropical Chelonians Using Noninvasive Fecal Steroid Analyses

“…Testosterone antiserum and HRP conjugate were obtained from C. Munro (University of California, Davis). Cross-reactivity of this antiserum was as follows: testosterone 100%, 5a-dihydrotestosterone 57.4%, , 0.3% with androstenedione, and , 0.1% with androsterone, dihydroepiandrosterone, b-estradiol, and progesterone (Kumar et al 2014).…”

“…Fecal cortisol was measured by using cortisol polyclonal antibody (R4866), cortisol antiserum, and HRP conjugates that were obtained from C. Munro (University of California, Davis). Cross-reactivity of this antiserum was as follows: cortisol 100%, prednisolone 9.9%, prednisone 6.3%, cortisone 5%, and others , 1% with corticosterone, desoxycorticosterone, 21-desoxycortisone, testosterone, androstenedione, androsterone, and 11desoxycortisol (Young et al 2004;Kumar et al 2014). Fecal testosterone metabolites were measured by using testosterone polyclonal antibody (R156/7).…”