Non‐invasive diagnosis of sweat gland dysplasia using optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy in a family with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Christ–Siemens–Touraine syndrome)

Reinholz, Markus; Gauglitz, Gerd G.; Giehl, Kathrin; Braun‐Falco, Markus; Schwaiger, Hannah; Schauber, Jürgen; Ruzicka, Thomas; Berneburg, Mark; Braunmühl, Tanja von

doi:10.1111/jdv.13085

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Efficacy and limitations of OCT diagnosis of skin disease has previously been established in studies of skin appendages, such as hairs and nails . However, various OCT systems with different axial and lateral resolution, different power on the skin and different imaging post‐processing software have been applied in these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnostic accuracy of OCT in Dermatology has been demonstrated as moderate to high . Several skin diseases have been studied clinically with OCT including disorders involving adnexal structures: sweating , dyshidrotic skin conditions , follicular keratosis , abnormal hair growth , hair transplantation and acne . Identification and measurement of hair follicle calibers, size/condition of hair follicles and sweat gland structures can be useful in monitoring these diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two optical coherence tomography systems detect topical gold nanoshells in hair follicles, sweat ducts and measure epidermis

Mogensen

Bojesen

Israelsen

et al. 2018

Journal of Biophotonics

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established imaging technology for in vivo skin investigation. Topical application of gold nanoshells (GNS) provides contrast enhancement in OCT by generating a strong hyperreflective signal from hair follicles and sweat glands, which are the natural skin openings. This study explores the utility of 150 nm diameter GNS as contrast agent for OCT imaging. GNS was massaged into skin and examined in four skin areas of 11 healthy volunteers. A commercial OCT system and a prototype with 3 μm resolution (UHR-OCT) were employed to detect potential benefits of increased resolution and variability in intensity generated by the GNS. In both OCT-systems GNS enhanced contrast from hair follicles and sweat ducts. Highest average penetration depth of GNS was in armpit 0.64 mm ± SD 0.17, maximum penetration depth was 1.20 mm in hair follicles and 15 to 40 μm in sweat ducts. Pixel intensity generated from GNS in hair follicles was significantly higher in UHR-OCT images (P = .002) and epidermal thickness significantly lower 0.14 vs 0.16 mm (P = .027). This study suggests that GNSs are interesting candidates for increasing sensitivity in OCT diagnosis of hair and sweat gland disorders and demonstrates that choice of OCT systems influences results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two optical coherence tomography systems detect topical gold nanoshells in hair follicles, sweat ducts and measure epidermis

Mogensen

Bojesen

Israelsen

et al. 2018

Journal of Biophotonics

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show abstract

“…The ability to perspire is reduced due to sweat gland dysfunction, and so patients are predisposed to develop hyperpyrexia due to the misregulation of the body temperature [ 8 , 11 , 16 , 17 ]. This clinical symptom was reported by patients 1 and 2, especially during sports activities or high ambient temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Features and Salivary Parameters in Patients with Ectodermal Dysplasia: Report of Three Cases

Gomes

Sichi

Giannasi

et al. 2018

Case Reports in Dentistry

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Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare hereditary disorder affecting the development of ectoderm-derived organs and tissues. The aim of this study was to describe phenotypic features and the therapeutic approach in dentistry among three patients with ED, correlating their data with the literature. Additionally, to investigate the salivary gland disorders and their impacts on oral microbiota, we performed salivary tests, including salivary flow rate, salivary buffering capacity, and concentration levels of mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, and yeasts. All patients presented oligodontia, resulting in a significant masticatory dysfunction and aesthetic impairment. The counts of mutans streptococci (n=3) and yeasts (n=2) were high; on the other hand, the count of lactobacilli (n=3) was low. Therefore, salivary and microbiological tests showed that the patients with ED, particularly the hypohidrotic type, presented a high risk of enamel caries and susceptibility to oral infections, which may be likely triggered by reduction of salivary flow and/or possible immunological disorders.

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“…Modern imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) have proven useful in practice for the noninvasive diagnosis of non-melanoma skin cancer and treatment monitoring [6][7][8] . Reaction and response to treatment were mainly evaluated by clinical examination, while OCT and RCM were used to monitor the response, similar to monitoring the therapeutic success of IM gel in actinic keratosis 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Treatment of Genital Warts with Ingenol Mebutate Monitored with Optical Coherence Tomography and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy

Reinholz¹,

Clanner‐Engelshofen²,

Heppt³

et al. 2019

Ann Dermatol

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Ingenol mebutate (IM) is approved for the treatment of actinic keratosis and induces cell death in precancerous lesions. The efficacy of IM in the treatment of genital warts was investigated in a therapy-refractory patient. The 74-year-old male was treated with IM gel for three consecutive days. Treatment course and efficacy were evaluated by clinical inspection and non-invasive diagnostics namely optical coherence tomography (OCT) and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM). Within 24 to 48 hours IM induced a strong local inflammatory reaction. One week later a complete response was observed. OCT and RCM showed a strong reaction after treatment with erosions, swelling of cells, and a subepidermal dark band in representative lesions. IM has the advantage of a short treatment period in contrast to other topical treatments and shows a promising clinical outcome. Larger studies are needed to validate the data.

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Non‐invasive diagnosis of sweat gland dysplasia using optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy in a family with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Christ–Siemens–Touraine syndrome)

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Two optical coherence tomography systems detect topical gold nanoshells in hair follicles, sweat ducts and measure epidermis

Two optical coherence tomography systems detect topical gold nanoshells in hair follicles, sweat ducts and measure epidermis

Phenotypic Features and Salivary Parameters in Patients with Ectodermal Dysplasia: Report of Three Cases

Successful Treatment of Genital Warts with Ingenol Mebutate Monitored with Optical Coherence Tomography and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy

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