Non-Invasive Intracranial Pulse Wave Monitoring

Abstract

Non-invasive physiological monitors are important subsystems of intensive care informatic systems. New innovative information methods and technology are presented for non-invasive human brain volumetric pulse wave physiological monitoring.Experimental study of a new, non-invasive ultrasonic intracranial pulse wave monitoring technology show the reactions of non-invasively recorded intracranial blood volume pulse waves (IB-VPW) on healthy volunteers in different human body positions. A group of 13 healthy volunteers was studied.Body posture caused IBVPW, subwaves changes, ΔP2 = 18% and ΔP3 = 11%. The value of the IBVPW amplitude's ratio in supine and upright positions was 1.55 ± 0.61.

Phase velocity measurement of dispersive wave modes by Gaussian peak-tracing in the f-k transform domain

“…In time-domain representation, the shape of a dispersive wave packet changes with time and position [22], whereas the shape of a non-dispersive wave remains unchanged. Conventionally, wave velocity is evaluated by measuring the difference in the time-of-flight (ToF) of two wave packets at two precise positions using peak-tracking and zero-crossing methods [23][24][25]. The group velocity of both dispersive and non-dispersive wave packets is widely measured by applying the Hilbert transform [26,27] to time-domain wave packets and using the peak-tracking method to determine the ToF difference between two positions.…”

Analysis of Cerebrovascular Autoregulation Reactivity Index Electronic Monitoring Methods

“…CPP is also sometimes replaced by surrogate reference measure -ABP [5,6]. Intracranial blood volume (IBV) waves can be monitored noninvasively using ultrasonic time-of-flight technology [2,17,18]. Because of that IBV can also be used as an informative surrogate of CBF in CA monitoring systems [2,6,[16][17][18].…”

“…TCD and non-invasive ABP slow wave monitoring technology has been proposed together with PRx calculation for CA continuous monitoring [2,12].…”

“…ABP and ICP respiratory waves are permanent and up to 10 times more frequent compared with slow B waves. The main advantage of natural or ventilator supported respiratory wave application [2,17,18] for CA assessment is the possibility of continuous uninterrupted CA monitoring with up to 10 times shorter monitoring data delay time comparing with B wave method.…”

“…It is not enough to monitor ICP, ABP and CPP in order to optimize the TBI treatment decisions. So, it is essential to know the real-time status of CBF autoregulation [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”