Non-invasive measurements of arterial function: What? When? Why should we use them?

Sun, Zoe Dong Yang; Cheriyan, Joseph

doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2018-312970

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The current study found no association between BMI and arterial stiffness, reflective of previous investigations (Escudero et al, 2018;Tonhajzerova et al, 2020). Moreover, physiological variables of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels that are suggested to impact arterial stiffness (Sun & Cheriyan, 2019;Wang et al, 2016) did not significantly predict arterial stiffness across the sample. However, arterial stiffness was positively associated with DASS depression, anxiety and stress and STAI trait anxiety, with the DASS total score being the only significant predictor of arterial stiffness in the regression model.…”

Section: F I G U R E 1 Mean Carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Across Groupssupporting

confidence: 65%

Arterial stiffness in underweight and weight‐restored anorexia nervosa

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular complications have been demonstrated in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) in both the state of starvation and during weight restoration, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current study aimed to assess arterial stiffness via carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in the acute and weight-restored states of AN. The study also aimed to determine the association between psychological distress and cfPWV. The sample included 37 participants; 10 participants with AN, 17 who were weight-restored (AN-WR; minimum body mass index >18.5 for at least 12 months) and 10 healthy controls (HCs). cfPWV via applanation tonometry was conducted to assess arterial stiffness. Psychological distress was assessed using the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21) and the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI). Between-group comparisons were performed to determine differences between groups, a two-stage hierarchical regression model was performed to determine the contribution of physiological and psychological variables on cfPWV and correlation analyses were also performed. Vascular stiffness was significantly increased in the AN and AN-WR groups, relative to HCs. The total DASS score was the only significant predictor of cfPWV across the sample. There were positive associations between cfPWV and depression, anxiety and stress, as assessed by the DASS. Furthermore, cfPWV was positively associated with STAI trait anxiety. Arterial stiffness was increased in individuals in the acute and weight-restored states of AN, demonstrating early signs of the development of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Increased arterial stiffness was associated with increased psychological distress, which may be a contributing mechanism to the increased cardiovascular risk in AN.

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Section: F I G U R E 1 Mean Carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Across Groupssupporting

confidence: 65%

Arterial stiffness in underweight and weight‐restored anorexia nervosa

et al. 2021

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“…The gold standard for assessing endothelial function is measuring forearm blood flow using venous occlusion plethysmography 7 . This is a well described method of assessing and determining vascular function, which can interrogate endothelial NO dependent and independent mechanisms 8 .…”

Section: Introduction – Rationale Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the lowest threshold of vascular benefits from LDL cholesterol lowering with a PCSK9 mAb inhibitor (alirocumab) in healthy volunteers – a mechanistic physiological study (INTENSITY-LOW): protocol and study rationale

Kostapanos

Cacciottolo

Hubsch

et al. 2019

Journal of Drug Assessment

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Objective: Whether reducing low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is associated with cardiovascular benefits in low risk normocholesterolaemic subjects is unknown. The INTENSITY LOW [Investigating the lowest threshold of vascular benefits from LDL-cholesterol lowering with a PCSK9 mAb inhibitor (alirocumab) in healthy volunteers] study aims to assess whether lowering LDL-C by alirocumab monotherapy can improve endothelial-dependent vascular function compared with placebo (primary objective) in low-risk normocholesterolaemic healthy individuals. Changes in endothelial-dependent or endothelial-independent vascular function, arterial stiffness and biomarkers of systemic inflammation by alirocumab, atorvastatin or their combination are secondary objectives.Study design and methods: This is a single-center, randomized, two-period, single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (N03273972).It will include 30 healthy low-risk subjects with LDL-C < 4.1 mmol/l. After passing the screening visit (Visit 1), eligible participants will be randomized 1:1 to either subcutaneous alirocumab 150 mg or placebo. These will be administered as single doses in 2 visits 14 days apart (Visits 2 and 3). Atorvastatin 20 mg once nightly will be prescribed for 14 days at Visit 3 in both groups through to Visit 4.At baseline (Visit 2) and during all post-dose visits (Visits 3–4), endothelial function will be assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography. Specifically, changes in forearm blood flow responses to intra-arterial infusions of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and L-NG-monomethyl-arginine acetate will be assessed as surrogates of endothelial-dependent and -independent vasodilatation. Additionally, arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness will be evaluated at the same timepoints. The above-mentioned changes will be correlated with changes in lipid and systemic inflammation biomarkers.

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“…The Education in Heart article in this issue7 discusses non-invasive measurements of arterial function with practical advice on making these measurements and using them in research studies and in clinical practice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heartbeat: pacer risk in patients with right bundle branch block

Otto

2019

Heart

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Non-invasive measurements of arterial function: What? When? Why should we use them?

Cited by 8 publications

References 54 publications

Arterial stiffness in underweight and weight‐restored anorexia nervosa

Arterial stiffness in underweight and weight‐restored anorexia nervosa

Investigating the lowest threshold of vascular benefits from LDL cholesterol lowering with a PCSK9 mAb inhibitor (alirocumab) in healthy volunteers – a mechanistic physiological study (INTENSITY-LOW): protocol and study rationale

Heartbeat: pacer risk in patients with right bundle branch block

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