Non-invasive measurements of the dynamic changes in the ciliary muscle, crystalline lens morphology, and anterior chamber during accommodation with a high-resolution OCT

Esteve-Taboada, José J.; Domínguez‐Vicent, Alberto; Monsálvez-Romín, Daniel; Águila-Carrasco, Antonio J. Del; Montés‐Micó, Robert

doi:10.1007/s00417-017-3663-4

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In our study, due to limitation of the OCT scan depth, we only analyzed changes at CM2 and CM3 and found that their thickness decreased after -6D accommodation stimulation. And our results are consistent with other studies 17,18 .…”

Section: Schlemm's Canal Changed In Different Accommodation States Ofsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The change of CM provides direct evidence of accommodation stimulation and cycloplegia. There are researches which have explored changes in the ciliary muscle structure with accommodation using UBM, MRI and OCT [17][18][19][20][21] . The results indicate that the shape change occurred in the anterior portion of the ciliary muscle with accommodation.…”

Section: Schlemm's Canal Changed In Different Accommodation States Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring changes in Schlemm’s canal and trabecular meshwork in different accommodation states in myopia children: an observational study

Xiang

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2019

Eye

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Purpose: Studies were designed to evaluate changes in the size of the Schlemm's Canal (SC) and trabecular meshwork(TM) during accommodation stimuli and cycloplegia states in myopic children. Methods: 34 children were enrolled. A-6D accommodation stimulus was achieved by looking at an optotype through a mirror. Cycloplegia state was induced with 1% tropicamide. Two states were confirmed by measuring the central lens thickness (CLT) , the anterior chamber depth and the pupil diameter. The size of the Schlemm's Canal (SC) and Trabecular Meshwork(TM) was measured using swept-source optical coherence tomography. And the associations between the change of the SC and the CLT were analyzed. Results: When compared with the relaxation state, under-6D accommodation stimuli, the size of SC increased significantly: the SC area (SCA) amplified from 6371±2517μm 2 to 7824±2727 μm 2 ; the SC length (SCL) from 249±10 μm to 295±12 μm, and SC width (SCW) from 27±9 μm to 31±8 μm. Under cycloplegia state, the SCA reduced to 5009±2028 μm 2 ; the SCL to 212±μm and the SCW to 22±5 μm. In addition, the changed areas of SCA (r=0. 35; P=0.0007), SCL (r=0. 251; P=0.0172), and SCW (r=0. 253; P=0.016) were significantly correlated with the change in CLT. However, the size of TM did not change substantially when compared with the relaxation state. Only the TM length (TML) increased from 562±45μm to 587±47μm after-6D accommodation stimulus. Conclusion: SC size enlarges after-6D accommodation stimuli and shrinks under cycloplegia. However, for TM, only the TM length increase under accommodation stimulus state.

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Section: Schlemm's Canal Changed In Different Accommodation States Ofsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Schlemm's Canal Changed In Different Accommodation States Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring changes in Schlemm’s canal and trabecular meshwork in different accommodation states in myopia children: an observational study

Xiang

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2019

Eye

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“…Presbyopia is the age-related loss of accommodation [ 39 ]. Prior accommodation research utilized different modalities (OCT [ 16 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 30 , 32 , 40 ], ultrasound biomicroscopy [ 41 ], or MRI [ 42 , 43 ]) or variations of the same modality (combining different types of custom-built OCTs [ 23 , 44 ] to image different parts of the eye). Together, this precludes simultaneous assessment of all anterior segment anatomical alterations during accommodation before and after presbyopia, contributing to the challenge of understanding presbyopia pathophysiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age- and refraction-related changes in anterior segment anatomical structures measured by swept-source anterior segment OCT

Xie¹,

Corradetti²,

Song³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Purpose To assess the effects of age and refractive status on anterior segment anatomical structures, including the ciliary body, using a new swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) device. Methods This prospective observational study included 63 healthy volunteers (mean age: 44.2 years). Images of the anterior segment were obtained using a new swept-source AS-OCT (ANTERION, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) with tracking and image averaging from the right eye of all participants. Repeatability as well as inter- and intra-observer reliability of biometric measurements were evaluated. The impact of image tracking and averaging on ciliary muscle measurements was tested. Univariate and multivariable statistical models were developed to evaluate the relationship of age and refractive status on anterior segment biometric measurements. Results For all test-retest repeatability and inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of swept-source AS-OCT measurements, high intraclass correlation (ICC) was noted (0.88–1.00). The nasal maximum ciliary muscle thickness (CMTMAX) and distance between scleral spur to the thickest point of the ciliary muscle (SSMAX) were larger than those on the temporal side ( p <0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Nasal and temporal CMTMAX ( p = 0.004 and p <0.001, respectively) and lens thickness ( p <0.01) increased with age. Nasal and temporal SSMAX decreased with older age and increasing hyperopia ( p = 0.01 and p <0.001, respectively). Image averaging resulted in improved ciliary muscle measurements ( p = 0.008 to 0.02). Lens vault increased with older age and increased hyperopia ( p <0.01). OCT measurements of the angle decreased with older age and increased hyperopia ( p< 0.001 to 0.03). Aqueous depth decreased with older age and increased hyperopia ( p <0.01). Pupil diameter decreased with older age ( p <0.01). Conclusions Repeatability and reproducibility of biometric measurements using the ANTERION AS-OCT were excellent. Image averaging improved the accuracy of ciliary muscle measurements. The device produced measurements of biometric parameters that described superficial and deep structures including the ciliary body and full lens thickness from a single image.

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“…With regard to one of the main functions of the CM, accommodation, Esteve‐Taboada et al. () using a Visante OCT instrument found that crystalline lens thickness (CLT) and CMA went up by about 2% and 9%, respectively. Thus, the greater the accommodative effort, the larger the CMA, with median relative changes in 8.6%, 17.2% and 25.5% at 1, 2 and 3 D, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciliary muscle dimensions by swept‐source optical coherence tomography and correlation study in a large population

Fernández‐Vigo

Shi

Kudsieh

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To examine ciliary muscle (CM) dimensions in vivo by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in a large healthy population. To assess the reproducibility of CM measurements and correlations with different parameters. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the following CM measurements were made in 495 eyes of 495 subjects in the temporal and nasal quadrants: length (CML), area (CMA) and thickness at distances of 1000 lm (CMT1), 2000 lm (CMT2) and 3000 lm (CMT3) from the scleral spur using the SS-OCT DRI-Triton â (Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). These dimensions were then assessed for correlations with the factors age, gender, refractive error, anterior chamber angle (ACA) and intraocular pressure (IOP). The reproducibility of CM measurements was determined in 85 of the participants. Results: Mean age was 41.4 AE 17.5 years (range 5-83). The following means were recorded as follows: CML = 4.57 AE 0.73 mm (range 2.16-6.97), CMA = 1.35 AE 0.31 mm 2 (2.04-5.45), CMT1 = 558 AE 98 lm (299-891), CMT2 = 366 AE 100 lm (89-629) and CMT3 = 210 AE 75 lm (36-655). Negative correlation was detected between CML/CMA and age (R = À0.516/ R = À0.404; p < 0.001) and refractive error (R = À0.519/R = À0.538; p < 0.001). No gender differences were observed (p ≥ 0.150). Both CML and CMA were correlated with ACA (R = 0.498 and 0.546; p < 0.001) and slightly with IOP (R = À0.175; p < 0.001). The reproducibility of the CM measurements was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥0.878). Conclusions: Swept-source optical coherence tomography is a valid tool for in vivo CM measurements. Our data indicate a larger CM in myopes and its diminishing size with age.

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Non-invasive measurements of the dynamic changes in the ciliary muscle, crystalline lens morphology, and anterior chamber during accommodation with a high-resolution OCT

Abstract: The ACD and ALRC decreased about 2 and 10 % per dioptre of accommodation, respectively; whereas the CLT and CMA increased about 2 and 9 %, respectively. These results add knowledge regarding the understanding of accommodation and give new perspectives for biomechanics and biometry.

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Measuring changes in Schlemm’s canal and trabecular meshwork in different accommodation states in myopia children: an observational study

Measuring changes in Schlemm’s canal and trabecular meshwork in different accommodation states in myopia children: an observational study

Age- and refraction-related changes in anterior segment anatomical structures measured by swept-source anterior segment OCT

Ciliary muscle dimensions by swept‐source optical coherence tomography and correlation study in a large population

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