Non-Invasive Methods of Acceleration of Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Abstract

Orthodontic tooth movement involves application of orthodontic force using various appliances to bring about tooth movement for correction of malocclusion. The applied force causes a microtrauma in the underlying periodontal tissue in which there is a cellular response elicited. The cascade of cellular activity which includes mainly osteoclasts, osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and osteocytes brings about the bone remodeling and effects the tooth movement. By stimulating these cells their activity can be increased and the enhanced response hence created causes more speedier bone remodeling bringing about faster tooth movement. Various invasive and noninvasive methods are used to enhance the cellular activity like corticotomy, periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics, micro-osteo-perforation, low level lasers, high frequency vibrations and so on. The noninvasive methods are preferred as they cause less pain and discomfort the patient and are also convenient for the doctors to administer. In this chapter we explain in detail about these noninvasive techniques to accelerate the orthodontic tooth movement.