Non-Invasive Multiparametric Approach To Determine Sweat–Blood Lactate Bioequivalence

Rabost-Garcia, Genís; Colmena, Valeria; Aguilar-Toran, Javier; Galí, Joan Vieyra; Punter-Villagrasa, Jaime; Casals‐Terré, Jasmina; Miribel-Català, Pere Ll.; Muñoz, Xavier O'Callaghan; Cadefau, Joan A.; Padullés, Josep; Cuixart, Daniel Brotons i

doi:10.1021/acssensors.2c02614

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To know the relationship between the lactate levels in blood and sweat, a bioequivalence study was carried out by the authors of this work. The study is described in [32], which concludes that there is no direct equivalence between blood lactate and sweat lactate without considering other parameters. To estimate the equivalence, a custom algorithm that takes HR, perspiration level, and sweat lactate concentration as inputs is required.…”

Section: Cartridgementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Sweat-Based Wearable Device for Advanced Monitoring of Athletic Physiological Biometrics

Aguilar-Torán,

Rabost-Garcia,

Toinga-Villafuerte

et al. 2023

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blood testing has traditionally been the gold standard for the physiological analysis and monitoring of professional athletes. In recent years, blood testing has moved out of the laboratory thanks to portable handheld devices, such as lactate meters. However, despite its usefulness and widespread use, blood testing has several drawbacks and limitations, such as the need for the athlete to stop exercising for blood extraction and the inability to have data continuously collected. In this scenario, sweat has become an alternative to blood testing because of its rich content of electrolytes and metabolites, as well as small quantities of sugars, proteins, and ions. Nevertheless, there are few devices capable of analyzing this biofluid and providing useful information to users. In this paper, an electronic system designed for the autonomous analysis of sweat electrolytes and metabolites along with heart rate dynamics is presented. This system is part of a novel wearable device tailored for athletes that offers to the user a real-time assessment of their physiological status and performance.

show abstract

Section: Cartridgementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Sweat-Based Wearable Device for Advanced Monitoring of Athletic Physiological Biometrics

Aguilar-Torán,

Rabost-Garcia,

Toinga-Villafuerte

et al. 2023

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While many studies have observed a high correlation between blood and sweat metabolites ( Xuan et al, 2023b ; Rabost-Garcia et al, 2023 ), others have claimed no such correlation ( Lamont, 1987 ). However, the studies that reported no correlation had small sample sizes, employed non-standard methods of sample collection and analysis, did not distinguish between active and latent muscles, and had imprecise research designs ( Karpova et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Relationship Between Blood Lactate and Sweat Lactatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the lack of consistency in the ratios of biomarkers in sweat and blood in many studies might be due to relatively scant data ( Xuan et al, 2023b ). However, the clear difference in metabolite amounts in sweat (5–40 mmol/L) and blood (0.5–25 mmol/L) ( Baker and Wolfe, 2020 ) suggests that correlation and regression analyses specific to the situation and environment are needed ( Rabost-Garcia et al, 2023 ). Moreover, given the differences in metabolite concentrations based on the site of sweat collection, further research is needed to examine concentrations depending on the type of exercise and placement of the wearable device on the body.…”

Section: Relationship Between Blood Lactate and Sweat Lactatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current gold standard for lactate monitoring is invasive and episodic, requires toleration of discomfort (e.g., needle pricks, blood leakage, and potential infection risks), and also has limitations in detection speed and portability ( Daboss et al, 2022 ; Aguilar-Torán et al, 2023 ). This has led to a surge in interest and demand for noninvasive monitoring technologies within sports science ( Yang et al, 2022 ; Rabost-Garcia et al, 2023 ). One of the primary body fluids studied in noninvasive lactate monitoring is sweat ( Van Hoovels et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wearable device for continuous sweat lactate monitoring in sports: a narrative review

Yang,

Hong,

Park

2024

Front. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In sports science, the use of wearable technology has facilitated the development of new approaches for tracking and assessing athletes’ performance. This narrative review rigorously explores the evolution and contemporary state of wearable devices specifically engineered for continuously monitoring lactate levels in sweat, an essential biomarker for appraising endurance performance. Lactate threshold tests have traditionally been integral in tailoring training intensity for athletes, but these tests have relied on invasive blood tests that are impractical outside a laboratory setting. The transition to noninvasive, real-time monitoring through wearable technology introduces an innovative approach, facilitating continuous assessment without the constraints inherent in traditional methodologies. We selected 34 products from a pool of 246 articles found through a meticulous search of articles published up to January 2024 in renowned databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. We used keywords such as “sweat lactate monitoring,” “continuous lactate monitoring,” and “wearable devices.” The findings underscore the capabilities of noninvasive sweat lactate monitoring technologies to conduct long-term assessments over a broad range of 0–100 mM, providing a safer alternative with minimal infection risks. By enabling real-time evaluations of the lactate threshold (LT) and maximal lactate steady state (MLSS), these technologies offer athletes various device options tailored to their specific sports and preferences. This review explores the mechanisms of currently available lactate monitoring technologies, focusing on electrochemical sensors that have undergone extensive research and show promise for commercialization. These sensors employ amperometric reactions to quantify lactate levels and detect changes resulting from enzymatic activities. In contrast, colorimetric sensors offer a more straightforward and user-friendly approach by displaying lactate concentrations through color alterations. Despite significant advancements, the relationship between sweat lactate and blood lactate levels remains intricate owing to various factors such as environmental conditions and the lag between exercise initiation and sweating. Furthermore, there is a marked gap in research on sweat lactate compared to blood lactate across various sports disciplines. This review highlights the need for further research to address these shortcomings and substantiate the performance of lactate sweat monitoring technologies in a broader spectrum of sports environments. The tremendous potential of these technologies to supplant invasive blood lactate tests and pioneer new avenues for athlete management and performance optimization in real-world settings heralds a promising future for integrating sports science and wearable technology.

show abstract

“…The use of electronic devices for monitoring sports skills has made it possible to meet people's requirements for the accuracy and safety of spontaneous physical exercise. This technology has been widely adopted and has obtained positive impacts on promoting human health [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A self-powered intelligent integrated sensing system for sports skill monitoring

Zhang,

Sun,

Wen

et al. 2023

Nanotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of green intelligent sensing systems which are based on triboelectric nanogenerators have sparked a surge of research in recent years. The development has made significant contributions to the field of promoting human health. However, the integration of an intelligent sensing system with multi-directional triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) remains challenges in the field of motion monitoring. To solve this research issue, this study designed a self-powered multifunctional fitness blanket (SF-MFB) which incorporates four TENGs, features multi-sensors and wireless motion monitoring capabilities. It presents a self-powered integrated sensing system which utilizes four TENG sensing units to monitor human motion. Each TENG sensing unit collects the mechanical energy generated during motion. The system is composed of SF-MFB, Bluetooth transmission terminal, and upper computer analysis terminal. Its main purpose is to wirelessly monitor and diagnose human sports skills and enables real-time human–computer interaction. The TENG integrated self-powered sensing system demonstrates practicality in sports skills monitoring, diagnosis, human–computer interaction and entertainment. This research introduces a novel approach for the application of TENG self-powered intelligent integrated sensing system in health promotion.

show abstract

Non-Invasive Multiparametric Approach To Determine Sweat–Blood Lactate Bioequivalence

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Novel Sweat-Based Wearable Device for Advanced Monitoring of Athletic Physiological Biometrics

Novel Sweat-Based Wearable Device for Advanced Monitoring of Athletic Physiological Biometrics

Wearable device for continuous sweat lactate monitoring in sports: a narrative review

A self-powered intelligent integrated sensing system for sports skill monitoring

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About