Non-linear associations between retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and positive and negative symptoms among men with acute and chronic schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Alizadeh, Mehdi; Delborde, Yegane; Ahmadpanah, Mohammad; Seifrabiee, Mohammad Ali; Jahangard, Leila; Bazzazi, Nooshin; Brand, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.06.007

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Samani et al brought up a relatively diverse viewpoint on the subject where they segmented retinal layers and found that total retinal and photoreceptor complex thickness was reduced in schizophrenia patients 23 . In a recent study, Alizadeh et al reported that patients with acute schizophrenia spectrum disorder showed the lowest macular thickness and largest atrophy in RNFL thickness 24 . Our findings correlate with the results of the aforementioned studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of the Thickness of the Outer Retinal Layer Using Optical Coherence Tomography – A Predictor of Visual Acuity in Schizophrenia

Bozali

Yalınbaş

2022

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd

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Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the thickness of the outer retinal layer (ORL) together with macular thickness and changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in patients with schizophrenia in comparison with healthy controls. Methods This study included 114 eyes of 57 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 114 eyes of 57 healthy controls. Central foveal thickness (CFT), central macular thickness (CMT), and ORL thickness were measured in both groups via the images obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). RNFL was also assessed in four quadrants (inferior, superior, temporal, nasal). CMT measurements were presented as the average thickness of the macula in the central 1 mm area on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid. The ORL thickness was defined as the distance between the external limiting membrane and retinal pigment epithelium at the center of the foveal pit. Results The mean age of 57 patients was 37 ± 10 years, of whom 34 (60%) were male and 23 (40%) female. No statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of age and gender (p = 0.8 for age, p = 0.9 for gender). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean CMT between the two groups (p = 0.1). The mean ORL thickness in the two groups was 99.8 ± 8.3 and 103.7 ± 6.2, respectively, and was significantly decreased in the schizophrenia group (p = 0.005). RNFL analysis demonstrated significant thinning in the inferior and superior quadrants compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively). Conclusions SD-OCT findings – especially ORL and RNFL thickness – may be related to the neurodegenerational changes in schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of the Thickness of the Outer Retinal Layer Using Optical Coherence Tomography – A Predictor of Visual Acuity in Schizophrenia

Bozali

Yalınbaş

2022

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd

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“…Alizadeh et al . found that a longer duration of illness was negatively associated with several retinal thickness measures in men with chronic SSDs, whereas in acute psychotic stages, a longer duration of illness was associated with higher thickness measures [ 55 ]. They suggested that retinal alterations in chronic SSDs could be due to both an acceleration of neurodegeneration and failed neuroregeneration [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography reveals retinal thinning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Boudriot

Schworm

Slapakova

et al. 2022

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Background Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) are presumed to be associated with retinal thinning. However, evidence is lacking as to whether these retinal alterations reflect a disease-specific process or are rather a consequence of comorbid diseases or concomitant microvascular impairment. Methods The study included 126 eyes of 65 patients with SSDs and 143 eyes of 72 healthy controls. We examined macula and optic disc measures by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A). Additive mixed models were used to assess the impact of SSDs on retinal thickness and perfusion and to explore the association of retinal and clinical disease-related parameters by controlling for several ocular and systemic covariates (age, sex, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, smoking status, and OCT signal strength). Results OCT revealed significantly lower parafoveal macular, macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), and macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and thinner mean and superior peripapillary RNFL in SSDs. In contrast, the applied OCT-A investigations, which included macular and peripapillary perfusion density, macular vessel density, and size of the foveal avascular zone, did not reveal any significant between-group differences. Finally, a longer duration of illness and higher chlorpromazine equivalent doses were associated with lower parafoveal macular and macular RNFL thickness. Conclusions This study strengthens the evidence for disease-related retinal thinning in SSDs.

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“…Schizophrenia is one of the psychiatric disorders covering a broad range of psychiatric symptoms, with an estimated global prevalence of 0.28% [1]. Individuals with schizophrenia typically exhibit disorganized formal thoughts, delusions, hallucinations, catatonic symptoms, affective disorders, and neurocognitive deficits [2]. Schizophrenia is a diverse disorder, and one aspect of its diversity is age of onset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of Onset Moderates the Association Between Total Antioxi-Dant Capacity and Cognitive Deficits in Patients With Drug-Naïve Schizophrenia

Li¹,

Li²,

Guo³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Schizophrenia patients with an earlier age of onset have been found to have more serious negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. Oxidative stress is thought to be implicated in cognitive impair-ment in schizophrenia. Total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) is an essential indicator of oxidative stress. However, the association between age of onset, TAOC, and cognitive performance in schizophrenia is still unexplored. In this study, 201 patients (age: 26.5±9.6 years, male: 53.2%) with drug naïve schizophrenia were recruited. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Cognitive functioning was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Plasma TAOC levels were an-alyzed using established procedures. Results showed that early-onset (EO) patients had higher TAOC levels, more severe negative symptoms and performed worse on Visuospatial/Constructional, Language and RBANS total score compared with non-EO patients. After Bonferroni correction, only non-EO patients showed a significant inverse relationship between TAOC levels and RBANS language, attention, and total scores. Our findings suggest that early /late age of onset may be correlated with psychopathological symptoms, cognitive impairment and oxidative responses in schizophrenia. Furthermore, the age of onset may moderate the relationship between TAOC and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. These findings suggest that improving oxidative stress status in non-EO schizophrenia patients may enhance their cognitive function.

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Non-linear associations between retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and positive and negative symptoms among men with acute and chronic schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Analysis of the Thickness of the Outer Retinal Layer Using Optical Coherence Tomography – A Predictor of Visual Acuity in Schizophrenia

Analysis of the Thickness of the Outer Retinal Layer Using Optical Coherence Tomography – A Predictor of Visual Acuity in Schizophrenia

Optical coherence tomography reveals retinal thinning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Age of Onset Moderates the Association Between Total Antioxi-Dant Capacity and Cognitive Deficits in Patients With Drug-Naïve Schizophrenia

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