Non-linearity in the pathway of El Niño-Southern Oscillation to the tropical North Atlantic

Casselman, Jake W.; Taschetto, Andréa S.; Domeisen, Daniela I.V.

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-20-0952.1

Cited by 13 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…As a result of an altered Kelvin wave, this may limit the accuracy of the Secondary Gill response. Nonetheless, given that the location of both the Secondary Gill and asymmetric Gill responses match those from reanalysis (Casselman et al, 2021), we believe that our results are representative of the observations. Although from our results, it is clear that the Pacific dominates the Walker circulation during boreal spring, the Atlantic modulates the Walker index considerably, whereby the correlation with the Caribbean RWS nearly doubles when adding the tropical Atlantic forcing to the Pacific forcing (AP response).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…We use multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis to isolate the linear influence from the Atlantic and Pacific, respectively, and plot the pointwise MLR coefficients following the method in Izumo et al (2010) and Casselman et al (2021). We also utilize partial correlation between three variables, following Wang et al (2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, we focus on boreal spring and boreal summer for all fields as we are interested in the impact the TNA SSTA peak has following an ENSO event (MAM, Casselman et al (2021)), as well as the time period when the Atlantic warm pool has the largest influence onto the Walker circulation (JJA). Both MAM and JJA are also related to wave trains towards the NAE region (Lim, 2015;Jung et al, 2017;Wulff et al, 2017;Li et al, 2018;Choi and Ahn, 2019;Neddermann et al, 2019;Lledó et al, 2020).…”

Section: Inter-basin Relationship Between Equatorial Atlantic and Pacific In Reanalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2019; Rieke et al, 2021). Furthermore, different regions modulate the regional response to ENSO teleconnections, such as the tropical North Atlantic (Sung et al, 2013;Casselman et al, 2021), and the Indian Ocean (Zhong et al, 2005;Fletcher and Cassou, 2015;Joshi et al, 2021). The teleconnections are, furthermore, sensitive to aspects such as the longitudinal position of Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) (Zhang et al, 2019), non-stationarity (Rieke et al, 2021), and trends over time (Garfinkel et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TNA region is salient for its strong connection to ENSO, whereby TNA SST anomalies (SSTA) are positively correlated with the Niño3.4 index and peak in boreal spring (March-May, MAM) following an ENSO event (Enfield and Mayer, 1997;Lee et al, 2008). This robust teleconnection travels through both a tropical and an extratropical pathway, influencing the TNA SSTs through either moist convection/stability processes or changes in the trade winds (Jiang and Li, 2019;Casselman et al, 2021). There is also a connection between the TNA and NAE region.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of the ENSO teleconnection to the North Atlantic by the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean

Casselman¹,

Jiménez‐Esteve²,

Domeisen³

2022

Preprint

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Abstract. El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can bring about inter-basin interactions, whereby Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) may influence the North Atlantic European (NAE) region. However, ENSO's overall influence on the NAE remains unclear. One potential reason for this uncertainty may arise due to the region being dominated by several different mechanisms. Here we focus on one potential region, namely the Tropical North Atlantic (TNA), and determine how the SSTAs modulate the ENSO teleconnection towards the NAE region. As numerous pathways from the TNA may exist for this modulation, we further center our analysis onto the Caribbean region and Walker cells. We force an idealized atmospheric circulation model with three different seasonally varying sea surface temperature patterns that represent an ENSO event with or without the influence of the Atlantic. Our results demonstrate that modulation of the NAE region by the TNA SSTA and Caribbean region occurs in the boreal spring and summer following an ENSO event. In boreal spring, this modulation is primarily through a propagating Rossy wave train, while in the summer, the TNA's influence is nonlinear and tends to strengthen the ENSO influence over the NAE sector. Overall, this study offers a deeper understanding of the inter-basin interactions of the Walker cell following an ENSO event and the central role of tropical Atlantic SSTAs in modulating the teleconnection to the NAE region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inter-basin Relationship Between Equatorial Atlantic and Pacific In Reanalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of the ENSO teleconnection to the North Atlantic by the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean

Casselman¹,

Jiménez‐Esteve²,

Domeisen³

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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An Abrupt Decline in Global Terrestrial Water Storage and Its Relationship with Sea Level Change

Rodell,

Barnoud,

Robertson

et al. 2024

Surv Geophys

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As observed by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow On (GRACE-FO) missions, global terrestrial water storage (TWS), excluding ice sheets and glaciers, declined rapidly between May 2014 and March 2016. By 2023, it had not yet recovered, with the upper end of its range remaining 1 cm equivalent height of water below the upper end of the earlier range. Beginning with a record-setting drought in northeastern South America, a series of droughts on five continents helped to prevent global TWS from rebounding. While back-to-back El Niño events are largely responsible for the South American drought and others in the 2014–2016 timeframe, the possibility exists that global warming has contributed to a net drying of the land since then, through enhanced evapotranspiration and increasing frequency and intensity of drought. Corollary to the decline in global TWS since 2015 has been a rise in barystatic sea level (i.e., global mean ocean mass). However, we find no evidence that it is anything other than a coincidence that, also in 2015, two estimates of barystatic sea level change, one from GRACE/FO and the other from a combination of satellite altimetry and Argo float ocean temperature measurements, began to diverge. Herein, we discuss both the mechanisms that account for the abrupt decline in terrestrial water storage and the possible explanations for the divergence of the barystatic sea level change estimates.

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Abrupt and persistent atmospheric circulation changes in the North Atlantic under La Niña conditions

García-Burgos,

Gómara,

Rodríguez-Fonseca

et al. 2023

Weather and Climate Extremes

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Non-linearity in the pathway of El Niño-Southern Oscillation to the tropical North Atlantic

Cited by 13 publications

References 60 publications

Modulation of the ENSO teleconnection to the North Atlantic by the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean

Modulation of the ENSO teleconnection to the North Atlantic by the tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean

An Abrupt Decline in Global Terrestrial Water Storage and Its Relationship with Sea Level Change

Abrupt and persistent atmospheric circulation changes in the North Atlantic under La Niña conditions

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