Non‐Metallic NH₄⁺/H⁺ Co‐Storage in Organic Superstructures for Ultra‐Fast and Long‐Life Zinc‐Organic Batteries

Abstract

Compared with Zn2+ storage, non‐metallic charge carrier with small hydrated size and light weight shows fast dehydration and diffusion kinetics for Zn‐organic batteries. Here we first report NH4+/H+ co‐storage in self‐assembled organic superstructures (OSs) by intermolecular interactions of p‐benzoquinone (BQ) and 2, 6‐diaminoanthraquinone (DQ) polymer through H‐bonding and π–π stacking. BQ‐DQ OSs exhibit exposed quadruple‐active carbonyl motifs and super electron delocalization routes, which are redox‐exclusively coupled with high‐kinetics NH4+/H+ but exclude sluggish and rigid Zn2+ ions. A unique 4e− NH4+/H+ co‐coordination mechanism is unravelled, giving BQ‐DQ cathode high capacity (299 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1), large‐current tolerance (100 A g−1) and ultralong life (50,000 cycles). This strategy further boosts the capacity to 358 mAh g−1 by modulating redox‐active building units, giving new insights into ultra‐fast and stable NH4+/H+ storage in organic materials for better Zn batteries.

Microstructural and electrochemical properties of Co3O4 porous nanospheres

“…The results reveled that Co 3 O 4 nanospheres exhibit the type I isotherm feature with a slow increase at P/P0 = 0.05 indicating the existence of poor micropores. On the otherhand, hysteresis loop at P/P0 = 0.45-0.95 and the sharply rise at P/P0 = 0.95-1.0 suggest the coexistence of micro-, meso-and macroporous structure [16][17][18], which is also confirmed by pore size distribution profile (inset). The surface area of 126.46 m 2 g −1 and the average size of the nanoparticles calculated by this model is 11.2 nm.…”

Acid-modified biomass-based N-doped O-rich hierarchical porous carbon as a high-performance electrode for supercapacitors

“…38 These N-containing functional groups can enhance the electrochemical performance of the carbon electrode material. 39 The pyridinic-N serves as an electrochemically active center to increase capacitance, pyrrolic-N introduces pseudocapacitance to enhance the specific capacitance, and graphitic-N promotes electron transfer and effectively improves the conductivity of porous carbon. These improvements contribute to the electrochemical performance of the AUACW electrode material.…”