Non metallic restorative materials based on glass ionomer cements — recent trends and developments

Zimehl, Ralf; Hannig, Matthias

doi:10.1016/s0927-7757(99)00430-6

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In diametral tensile strength tests, the elastic modulus of enamel is approximately thrice that of dentin (82.7 GPa versus 18.6 GPa). 27 The modulus of glass ionomer cements (~11 GPa) 28 is considered to be close to that of dentin. In our study, we calculated only the ratio between the load and the transverse area, and the diameter variation in the compression direction (i.e., the stiffness), during the diametral tensile strength test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of mechanically processed cellulosic fibers to ionomer cement: mechanical properties

et al. 2015

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In this study, conventional restorative glass ionomer cement (GIC) was modified by embedding it with mechanically processed cellulose fibers. Two concentrations of fibers were weighed and agglutinated into the GIC during manipulation, yielding Experimental Groups 2 (G2; 3.62 wt% of fibers) and 3 (G3; 7.24 wt% of fibers), which were compared against a control group containing no fibers (G1). The compressive strengths and elastic modulus of the three groups, and their diametral tensile strengths and stiffness, were evaluated on a universal test machine. The compressive and diametral tensile strengths were significantly higher in G3 than in G1. Statistically significant differences in elastic modulus were also found between G2 and G1 and between G2 and G3, whereas the stiffness significantly differed between G1 and G2. The materials were then characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Heterogeneously shaped particles were found on the G2 and G3 surfaces, and the cement matrices were randomly interspersed with long intermingled fibers. The EDS spectra of the composites revealed the elemental compositions of the precursor materials. The physically processed cellulosic fibers (especially at the higher concentration) increased the compressive and diametral tensile strengths of the GIC, and demonstrated acceptable elastic modulus and stiffness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of mechanically processed cellulosic fibers to ionomer cement: mechanical properties

et al. 2015

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“…Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) were developed in the early 1970s [ 11 ] in the Laboratory of the Government Chemist (London, UK). GPCs have properties suitable for orthopedic applications as they chemically bond to bone [ 12 , 13 ]. The chemical bond occurs via ion exchange at the interface between the GPC and the mineral phase of bone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Injectable Glass Polyalkenoate Cement Engineered for Fracture Fixation and Stabilization

Khader

Peel

Towler

2017

JFB

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Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have potential as bio-adhesives due to their ease of application, appropriate mechanical properties, radiopacity and chemical adhesion to bone. Aluminium (Al)-free GPCs have been discussed in the literature, but have proven difficult to balance injectability with mechanical integrity. For example, zinc-based, Al-free GPCs reported compressive strengths of 63 MPa, but set in under 2 min. Here, the authors design injectable GPCs (IGPCs) based on zinc-containing, Al-free silicate compositions containing GeO2, substituted for ZnO at 3% increments through the series. The setting reactions, injectability and mechanical properties of these GPCs were evaluated using both a hand-mix (h) technique, using a spatula for sample preparation and application and an injection (i) technique, using a 16-gauge needle, post mixing, for application. GPCs ability to act as a carrier for bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also evaluated. Germanium (Ge) and BSA containing IGPCs were produced and reported to have working times between 26 and 44 min and setting times between 37 and 55 min; the extended handling properties being as a result of less Ge. The incorporation of BSA into the cement had no effect on the handling and mechanical properties, but the latter were found to have increased compression strength with the addition of Ge from between 27 and 37 MPa after 30 days maturation.

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“…That helps in the prevention and control of tooth decay. However, glass-ionomer restoratives exhibit poor physical-mechanical properties as compared to resin composites, including low mechanical strength and wear resistance [5,6]. That is the resultant from high percentage of porosity and microstructure of the material [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is the resultant from high percentage of porosity and microstructure of the material [7,8]. Consequently, the low wear resistance causes changes in the restorative anatomy and increase of the surface roughness [4,6]. Light-cured resins have been added in the resin-modified glass ionomers as intent to overcome the associated problems with early moisture sensitivity and also on their low mechanical strength [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Strength and Wear of Dental Glass-Ionomer and Resin Composites Affected by Porosity and Chemical Composition

et al. 2015

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The main aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of porosity, microstructure, and chemical composition on the wear and compressive strength of dental glass-ionomer or resin composite. Cylindrical samples (6 9 4 mm) were prepared from a nano-hybrid resin composite (Grandio Ò SO/RC, VOCO), a resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitremer TM /VI, 3 M-ESPE) and a conventional glass ionomer (Ionofil Ò Molar/CO, VOCO). Porosity and topography of the materials were evaluated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Roughness was evaluated by R a and R t parameters at 0.1 mm/s under cutoff of 0.8 mm. Then, compressive tests were performed at 1 mm/min. Wear tests were carried out at 20 N, 2.5 mm of displacement, at 1 Hz for 90 min in artificial saliva solution. The results were statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p \ 0.05). Resin composite revealed a significantly lower porosity (1.21 ± 0.20 %) than glass-ionomer restoratives (5.69-7.54 %) as well as lower values of R a and R t roughness (p \ 0.05). Also, resin composite showed significantly higher values of mechanical strength (334 ± 15.9 MPa) compared to conventional (78.78 ± 13.30 MPa) or modified glass ionomer (169.50 ± 20.98 MPa) (p \ 0.05). For maximal depth of wear, resin composite also showed significantly lower values than glass ionomer (p \ 0.05). Homogeneous wear morphology was noticed by SEM analyses on glass ionomers in opposition to resin composite. Glass ionomers showed a poor mechanical behavior associated to a high porosity and wear rate when compared to resin composite.

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Non metallic restorative materials based on glass ionomer cements — recent trends and developments

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Addition of mechanically processed cellulosic fibers to ionomer cement: mechanical properties

Addition of mechanically processed cellulosic fibers to ionomer cement: mechanical properties

An Injectable Glass Polyalkenoate Cement Engineered for Fracture Fixation and Stabilization

Mechanical Strength and Wear of Dental Glass-Ionomer and Resin Composites Affected by Porosity and Chemical Composition

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