Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow in Coiled Tubing: Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Verification

Zhou, Y.; Shah, S.N.

doi:10.2523/77708-ms

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some researchers [86], [112], [113] presented friction factor correlation for drag-reducing fluids in both straight and curved pipes in terms of the Deborah number N De defined as: N De = characteristic fluid time characteristic flow time (16) Table 1 presents a summary of friction factor correlation for non-Newtonian fluids in curved pipes. < 50 π 2 < ∅ < π C > 1000 ppm [117] Guar gum, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Xanthan gum, Partially Hydrolysed Polyacrylamide…”

Section: Friction Factor Correlations For Single Phase Flow In Curvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drag reduction by additives in curved pipes for single phase liquid and two phase flows: A review

Ayegba¹,

Edomwonyi‐Otu²,

Yusuf³

et al.

Authorea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A review of investigations on the effect of drag-reducing agents in curved pipe flows is presented in this work. Proposed mechanisms of drag reduction, as well as factors that influence their effectiveness also received attention. In addition, this review outlined proposed friction factor and fluid flux models for flow of drag-reducing agents in curved pipes. It was shown in this report that significant drag reduction in curved pipes can be achieved using drag-reducing agents. Drag reduction by additives in curved pipes are generally lower than the corresponding drag reduction in straight pipes. It decreases with increase in curvature ratio and is more pronounced in the transition and turbulent flow regimes. Drag reduction depends strongly on the concentration of polymers and surfactants as well as the bubble fraction of micro-bubbles. It is also reported that drag reduction in curved pipes depends on other factors such as temperature and presence of dissolved salts. Maximum drag reduction asymptote differed between straight and curved pipes and between polymer and surfactant. Due to the limited studies in the area of drag reduction for gas-liquid flow in curved pipes no definite conclusion could be drawn on the effect of drag-reducing agents on such flows. A number of questions remain such as the mechanism of drag reduction in curved pipes and how drag-reducing agents interact with secondary flows. Hence, some research gaps have been identified with recommendations for areas of future researches.

show abstract

Section: Friction Factor Correlations For Single Phase Flow In Curvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drag reduction by additives in curved pipes for single phase liquid and two phase flows: A review

Ayegba¹,

Edomwonyi‐Otu²,

Yusuf³

et al.

Authorea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Drilling Hydraulics

and¹,

Al-Majed²

2015

Fundamentals of Sustainable Drilling Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New Friction Factor Correlations for Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow in Coiled Tubing

Zhou

Shah

2002

SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a complete set of friction factor correlations for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in laminar and turbulent flow in coiled tubing. The friction factor correlation for non-Newtonian fluids in laminar flow is obtained based on theoretical analysis and numerical solutions of the flow equations of a power-law model fluid in curved pipes. The empirical correlation for non-Newtonian fluids in turbulent flow is developed based on full-scale experiments of polymeric fluid systems in various 1", 1–1/2", and 2–3/8" coiled tubing reels. To consider the effect of pipe roughness in coiled tubing, a modified correlation is proposed by combining the Srinivasan et al. correlation for smooth curved pipe and the Chen correlation for rough straight pipe. Examples are given to illustrate the applications and accuracies of the newly developed correlations. Introduction The friction factor in curved pipe at a given Reynolds number is greater than that in straight pipe due to the existence of the secondary flow which is caused by the effect of the centrifugal forces in curved flow geometry. Dean1,2 conducted the first theoretical study of Newtonian fluid flow in curved pipes by solving the momentum and continuity equations using a successive approximation method. A recent literature review3 indicates that the flow of Newtonian fluids in curved pipes has been studied extensively since the pioneering work of Dean1,2. On the contrast, the information on studies of non-Newtonian fluid flow in curved pipes is relatively scarce. Coiled tubing (CT) has been successfully used in the oil and gas industry for well drilling, completion, wellbore cleanout, stimulation, and other field operations. In these coiled tubing applications, fluids, typically non-Newtonian fluids, are generally pumped through the coiled tubing. Due to the small diameter and excessive friction loss caused by secondary flow, the maximum pumping rate obtainable is often limited. For engineering design purposes, practically useful correlations are needed to accurately predict the frictional pressure losses in the coiled tubing string and the pumping power requirement. The present work is an effort to meet such needs by providing a complete set of friction factor correlations for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in laminar and turbulent flow conditions. For non-Newtonian laminar flow, a new correlation is developed through the boundary layer approximation analysis and by using the numerical solutions of the flow equations of a power-law model fluid in coiled tubing. The correlation is presented in an empirical form for convenience. For non-Newtonian turbulent flow, a new correlation is established based on the recent experiments performed using a full-scale coiled tubing flow test facility. A modified correlation for turbulent Newtonian fluid flow is also proposed to include the effect of pipe roughness. Finally, examples are given to illustrate the application of these new correlations and their accuracies in estimating friction factors for coiled tubing. Newtonian Fluid Laminar Flow. Numerous correlations for laminar Newtonian fluid flow in curved pipes are available in literature3. Four of them are given below: Ito4 Correlation: Equation 1 where fCL and fSL are the friction factors of laminar flow in curved and straight pipes respectively. NDe is called Dean number and is defined as the product of Reynolds number (NRe) and the square root of the curvature ratio (a/R). The correlation was obtained numerically using the approach of boundary layer approximation. It is applicable for laminar flow at large Dean number, say, NDe > 100. Laminar Flow. Numerous correlations for laminar Newtonian fluid flow in curved pipes are available in literature3. Four of them are given below: Ito4 Correlation: Equation 1 where fCL and fSL are the friction factors of laminar flow in curved and straight pipes respectively. NDe is called Dean number and is defined as the product of Reynolds number (NRe) and the square root of the curvature ratio (a/R). The correlation was obtained numerically using the approach of boundary layer approximation. It is applicable for laminar flow at large Dean number, say, NDe > 100. Ito4 Correlation:Equation 1 where fCL and fSL are the friction factors of laminar flow in curved and straight pipes respectively. NDe is called Dean number and is defined as the product of Reynolds number (NRe) and the square root of the curvature ratio (a/R). The correlation was obtained numerically using the approach of boundary layer approximation. It is applicable for laminar flow at large Dean number, say, NDe > 100.

show abstract

Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow in Coiled Tubing: Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Verification

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Drag reduction by additives in curved pipes for single phase liquid and two phase flows: A review

Drag reduction by additives in curved pipes for single phase liquid and two phase flows: A review

Drilling Hydraulics

New Friction Factor Correlations for Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow in Coiled Tubing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About