Non-NMDA antagonists protect against kainate more than AMPA toxicity in the rat hippocampus

Glutamate-stimulated neuropeptide Y mRNA expression in the rat dentate gyrus: A prominent role of metabotropic glutamate receptors

“…At higher doses, considerable damage occurred, which partially affected the entire dorsal extension of the injected hippocampus. These findings are consistent with previous reports (Choi, 1987;Moncada et al, 1991).…”

Cerebroprotective effect of a non-N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, GYKI 52466, after focal ischemia in the rat.

“…This therapeutic window for the cerebroprotective effect coincides with the peak increase of neurotoxic levels of glutamate and aspartate, which occurs 1 hour after occlusion during focal cerebral ischemia. 34 A similar regimen of GYKI 52466 infusion (30 mg • kg" 1 over 3 hours) selectively protects against the excitotoxic effects of kainate (but not NMD A) when focally injected into the hippocampus 24 and reduces cell degeneration in the cortex Values are mean hemispheric volumes in cubic millimeters (±SD).…”

Nuclear factor kappa B-mediated kainate neurotoxicity in the rat and hamster hippocampus

“…Compared with the broad neuroprotective effects of AMPA/kainate antagonists against kainate injections into the brain, 23,27 NMDA antagonists were reported to attenuate kainate-induced neuronal death in CA1 in the rat. 6,8 In the present study, treatment with MK-801 prevents kainateinduced NF-kB activation and neuronal death in CA1 of the hamster.…”