Non-nutritive sweeteners for diabetes mellitus

Lohner, Szimonetta; Toews, Ingrid; Gaudry, Daniela Kuellenberg de; Sommer, Harriet; Meerpohl, Joerg J

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012885

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Based on the available evidence, it is difficult to determine conclusively whether NNS affect the risk of diabetes in humans [ 44 ]. Some studies report no effect on insulin and glucose.…”

Section: Sweet Taste Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Artificial Sweeteners Use on Sweet Taste Perception and Weight Loss Efficacy: A Review

et al. 2022

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Excessive consumption of sugar-rich foods is currently one of the most important factors that has led to the development of the global pandemic of obesity. On the other hand, there is evidence that obesity contributes to reduced sensitivity to sweet taste and hormonal changes affecting appetite, leading to an increased craving for sweets. A high intake of sugars increases the caloric value of the diet and, consequently, leads to weight gain. Moreover, attention is drawn to the concept of the addictive properties of sugar and sugary foods. A potential method to reduce the energy value of diet while maintaining the sweet taste is using non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS). NNS are commonly used as table sugar substitutes. This wide group of chemical compounds features high sweetness almost without calories due to its high sweetening strength. NNS include aspartame, acesulfame-K, sucralose, saccharin, cyclamate, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (neohesperidin DC), neotame, taumatin, and advantame. The available evidence suggests that replacing sugar with NNS may support weight control. However, the effect of NNS on the regulation of appetite and sweet taste perception is not clear. Therefore, the review aimed to summarize the current knowledge about the use of NNS as a potential strategy for weight loss and their impact on sweet taste perception. Most studies have demonstrated that consumption of NNS-sweetened foods does not increase sweetness preference orenergy intake. Nonetheless, further research is required to determine the long-term effects of NNS on weight management.

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“…Based on the available evidence, it is difficult to determine conclusively whether NNS affect the risk of diabetes in humans [ 44 ]. Some studies report no effect on insulin and glucose.…”

Section: Sweet Taste Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Artificial Sweeteners Use on Sweet Taste Perception and Weight Loss Efficacy: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Given this extensive literature on mechanisms, one might expect that there is an equally large and convincing body of evidence demonstrating the adverse effects of LES on humans, prompting the need for mechanistic understanding and explanations. Yet, every recent systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in humans—from acute studies of appetite and glycaemic responses through longer-term studies with anthropometric and glycaemic control endpoints—finds neutral or beneficial effects of LES, and almost no indications of adverse effects on these outcomes [ 2 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Thus, the stream of papers offering a multitude of mechanisms for the adverse effects of LES exists within the context of a wall of empirical evidence that fails to find any adverse effects to be explained.…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite a number of significant shortcomings in that research [ 22 , 23 ], this single paper set off a stampede of research funding and activity on LES and the microbiota, and left much of the scientific community presuming that the original premise was simply true. Yet, the supposedly explained phenomenon (i.e., LES producing impaired glycaemic control) has no empirical support from comprehensive systematic reviews of the evidence [ 9 , 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 , 24 , 25 ]. This fact by itself should render the supposed “mechanism” specious, while years of subsequent research have also left doubt on the replicability of the initial research and basic premise that LES cause important, pathological changes in the gut microbiota [ 12 , 19 , 23 , 26 ].…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Is There an Academic Bias against Low-Energy Sweeteners?

Mela¹

2022

Nutrients

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This perspective considers evidence of a common academic bias against low-energy sweeteners (LES). The core proposition is that this bias is manifested in research and reporting focused on generating and placing a negative spin on LESs, largely through selective citation, interpretation and reporting. The evidence centres on three inter-related points, which together may generate a misleading impression of the balance of evidence: (1) basic and mechanistic research on LES perpetuates “explanations” for unsubstantiated adverse effects of LES; (2) the literature on LES—particularly narrative reviews and commentaries—continually reprises hypotheses of adverse effects without acknowledging where these hypotheses have been rigorously tested and rejected; and (3) negative interpretations of the effects of LES largely rely upon selectively emphasising lower-quality research whilst ignoring or dismissing higher-quality evidence. The expert community should consider these issues in assuring scientific integrity and balance in the academic discourse on LES, and how this is translated into messages for public health and consumers.

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“…Kaloria-murrizketan edota karbohidratoen banaketa zehatzetan oinarritutako dietez gain, badira beste erreminta terapeutikoak ere t2D duten pazienteekin erabiltzen direnak. Horien artean sakarosa edo etxeko azukre arrunta (lotura glukosidikoz elkartutako glukosaz eta fruktosaz osatutako disakaridoa) gozagarri ez-nutritiboengatik ordezkatzea izaten da aukera bat, zeinak mahaiko azukreak baino ahalmen gozagarri handiagoa baitute kaloria ekarpen baxuagoarekin [9]. Aurrekoez gain, aspalditik erabili den sakarosaren beste ordezkoa fruktosa izan da, zeinak, glukosak ez bezala, ez duen intsulinarik behar xurgatua/metabolizatua izateko, eta, ondorioz, ez duen odoleko glukosa-mailen handipenik eragiten [10].…”

Section: Sarreraunclassified

Fruktosaren kontsumoak eragin ditzakeen osasun arazoak: konponbidea arazo bihurtzen denean

Milton-Laskíbar

Eseverri

Ugarte

et al. 2021

EKAIA

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Obesitatea lehen mailako osasun-arazotzat hartzen da, epidemia baten tamaina hartuz eta mundu mailan heriotza goiztiarren eragile nagusienetako bat bihurtuz. Gaixotasun metaboliko kroniko honen ezaugarri nagusienetako bat berarekin lotzen diren osasun-arazoak dira eta horien horien artean 2 motako diabetesa nabarmentzen da. Obesitatearen kasuan bezala, diabetesaren tratamendurako ere murrizketa kalorikoan oinarritutako dietak erabili ohi dira. Hala ere, tratamendu mota horrek arrakasta baxua lortu ohi duenez, bestelako esku-hartzeak ere beharrezkoak dira, eta horien artean sakarosa fruktosagatik ordezkatzea sarritan preskribatzen da paziente horientzat. Izan ere, glukosarekin ez bezala, fruktosaren metabolismorako ez da intsulinarik behar, eta ondorioz, ez da odoleko glukosa-mailen handipenik ematen. Hala ere, azken urteetan eman den fruktosaren kontsumoaren handipena gaixotasun metaboliko ezberdinen prebalentziaren handipenarekin batera eman denez, arreta handia jarri zaio fruktosari, konponbidea izan beharrean arazoa izan daitekeela uste delako. Esaterako, ikusi da fruktosaren gehiegizko kontsumoak edo kontsumo kronikoak gibel gantzatsu ez-alkoholikoa (GGEA) sortzen duela, de novo lipogenesia aktibatuz, gibeleko gantz azidoen (GA) oxidazioa murriztuz eta hesteko mikrobiotaren konposizioa aldatu eta iragazkortasuna handituz, besteak beste. Horretaz gain, paradoxikoki fruktosaren gehiegizko kontsumoa intsulinaren erresistentziarekin (IR) ere lotu da. Kasu horretan, pankreako intsulina jario handiagotua eta gibeleko IR deskribatu dira mekanismo eragile nagusi bezala. Azkenik, fruktosaren gehiegizko kontsumoak edo kontsumo kronikoak erraietako gantz-ehunaren (EGE) gehiegizko metaketa eta dislipemiak ere eragin ditzakeela deskribatu da ikerlan ezberdinetan. Horiek horrela, nahiz eta hasiera batean fruktosaren kontsumoa osasungarria eta zenbait osasunasalduren “konponbidetzat” jo, argi geratzen da haren kontsumo desegokiak zenbait arrisku ere badituela. Ondorioz, beharrezkotzat jotzen da administrazioaren esku-harztea fruktosaren kontsumoa murrizten edota erregulatzen lagunduko duten arauen garapenerako.

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Non-nutritive sweeteners for diabetes mellitus

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

The Effect of Artificial Sweeteners Use on Sweet Taste Perception and Weight Loss Efficacy: A Review

The Effect of Artificial Sweeteners Use on Sweet Taste Perception and Weight Loss Efficacy: A Review

Is There an Academic Bias against Low-Energy Sweeteners?

Fruktosaren kontsumoak eragin ditzakeen osasun arazoak: konponbidea arazo bihurtzen denean

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