Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for Hybrid VLC-RF Networks With Imperfect Channel State Information

Hammadi, Ahmed Al; Sofotasios, Paschalis C.; Muhaidat, Sami; Al‐Qutayri, Mahmoud; Elgala, Hany

doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.3044837

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…2021: [184], [185], [198]- [201], [228], [232], [250] 2020: [177], [195]- [197], [215], [226], [227], [230], [231], [235], [238], [251], [253] 2019: [114], [168], [174], [175], [181], [202]- [204], [216] 2018: [115]- [117], [137], [138], [146], [167], [169]- [173], [180], [183], [186], [187], [205], [207]- [209] 2017: [118]- [121], [139]- [141], [188]- [191], [206], [210]-…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid RF/VLC Systems: A Comprehensive Survey on Network Topologies, Performance Analyses, Applications, and Future Directions

et al. 2021

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Wireless communications refer to data transmissions in unguided propagation media through the use of wireless carriers such as radio frequency (RF) and visible light (VL) waves. The rising demand for high data rates, especially, in indoor scenarios, overloads conventional RF technologies. Therefore, technologies such as millimeter waves (mmWave) and cognitive radios have been adopted as possible solutions to overcome the spectrum scarcity and capacity limitations of the conventional RF systems. In parallel, visible light communication (VLC) has been proposed as an alternative solution, where a light source is used for both illumination and data transmission. In comparison to RF links, VLC links present a very high bandwidth that allows much higher data rates. VLC exhibits also immunity to interference from electromagnetic sources, has unlicensed channels, is a very low power consumption system, and has no health hazard. VLC is appealing for a wide range of applications including reliable communications with low latency such as vehicle safety communication. Despite the major advantages of VLC technology and a variety of its applications, its use has been hampered by its cons such as its dependence on a line of sight connectivity. Recently, hybrid RF/VLC systems were proposed to take advantage of the high capacity of VLC links and better connectivity of RF links. Thus, hybrid RF/VLC systems are envisioned as a key enabler to improve the user rates and mobility on the one hand and to optimize the capacity, interference and power consumption of the overall network on the other hand. This paper seeks to provide a detailed survey of hybrid RF/VLC systems. This paper represents an overview of the current developments in the hybrid RF/VLC systems, their benefits and limitations for both newcomers and expert researchers. INDEX TERMS Radio frequency (RF), visible light communication (VLC), hybrid RF/VLC, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), hybrid networks, hybrid RF/VLC environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2021 [198] Proposed an NOMA framework that is energy effiect for hybrid RF and VLC systems that take into account user mobility and imperfect channel state information.…”

Section: [184]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid RF/VLC Systems: A Comprehensive Survey on Network Topologies, Performance Analyses, Applications, and Future Directions

et al. 2021

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“…They have multiple signal reception interfaces that allow Each IIoT device (𝒟 1≤𝑗≤𝑚 ) generate communication tasks according to a Poisson process and accesses its corresponding APs via wireless communications. The operational timeline is discretized into time slots to make spectrum allocation; it is the same time scale of communication task arrivals, which is a common assumption in the hybrid RF/VLC system [14].…”

Section: A Hybrid Rf/vlc Platform and Unified Bargaining Gamementioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid RF/VLC Network Spectrum Allocation Scheme Using Bargaining Solutions

Kim

2022

IEEE Access

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Visible light communication (VLC) is becoming a promising technology of wireless communications, and the co-deployment of radio frequency (RF) and VLC technologies has been investigated in indoor environments to achieve high data rate communications. To explore the benefits of employing both technologies, it is of considerable significance to design intelligent RF/VLC resource management algorithms. In this study, we investigate a new heterogeneous network spectrum allocation scheme based on the cooperative bargaining theory. According to the fundamental concepts of asymmetric Nash, Kalai-Smorodinsky and egalitarian bargaining solutions, we can leverage a mutual consensus to provide a fair-efficient solution. Furthermore, four different allocation rules are adopted to estimate the asymmetry of network agents. Using our step-by-step interactive bargaining method, disproportionate agents are coordinated to effectively share the RF and VLC spectrum resources. It is an essential approach to find the relevant trade-off between conflicting requirements while dynamically responding the hybrid RF/VLC system environment. Numerical simulation results are conducted to corroborate the superiority in performance of the proposed scheme as compared to that obtained with existing state-of-the-art RF/VLC spectrum allocation algorithms. INDEX TERMSVisible light communications, Radio frequency, Industrial Internet of Things, Cooperative bargaining solutions, Allocation rules.

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“…For a K number of uniformly distributed users and an arbitrary power allocation strategy, the average sum rate of NOMA-VLC is given at the top of next page [50]. 1 It should be noted that Shannon's capacity equations can still be used for VLC systems if the transmitted signal is frequency-upshifted.…”

Section: Average Sum Rate Of Noma-vlc With Uniformly Distributed Usersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Q-Learning-Based Resource Allocation in NOMA Visible Light Communications

Hammadi

Bariah

Muhaidat

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Visible light communication (VLC) has been introduced as a key enabler for high-data rate wireless services in future wireless communication networks. In addition to this, it was also demonstrated recently that non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can further improve the spectral efficiency of multi-user VLC systems. In this context and owing to the significantly promising potential of artificial intelligence in wireless communications, the present contribution proposes a deep Q-learning (DQL) framework that aims to optimize the performance of an indoor NOMA-VLC downlink network. In particular, we formulate a joint power allocation and LED transmission angle tuning optimization problem, in order to maximize the average sum rate and the average energy efficiency. The obtained results demonstrate that our algorithm offers a noticeable performance enhancement into the NOMA-VLC systems in terms of average sum rate and average energy efficiency, while maintaining the minimum convergence time, particularly for higher number of users. Furthermore, considering a realistic downlink VLC network setup, the simulation results have shown that our algorithm outperforms the genetic algorithm (GA) and the differential evolution (DE) algorithm in terms of average sum rate, and offers considerably less run-time complexity.

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Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for Hybrid VLC-RF Networks With Imperfect Channel State Information

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Hybrid RF/VLC Systems: A Comprehensive Survey on Network Topologies, Performance Analyses, Applications, and Future Directions

Hybrid RF/VLC Systems: A Comprehensive Survey on Network Topologies, Performance Analyses, Applications, and Future Directions

Hybrid RF/VLC Network Spectrum Allocation Scheme Using Bargaining Solutions

Deep Q-Learning-Based Resource Allocation in NOMA Visible Light Communications

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