Non-photochemical quenching and xanthophyll cycle activities in six green algal species suggest mechanistic differences in the process of excess energy dissipation

Quaas, Theresa; Berteotti, Silvia; Ballottari, Matteo; Flieger, Kerstin; Bassi, Roberto; Wilhelm, Christian; Goss, Reimund

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2014.07.023

Cited by 94 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Dissipative PSII centers isolated 594 from C. reinhardtii have been found to contain LhcsR[104].595The role of the violaxanthin-zeaxanthin cycle is not clear in this 596 algal group. No de-epoxidase gene has been located in C. reinhardtii 597[105] and not all green algae exhibit a zeaxanthin dependent NPQ 598[102]. The Prasinophyte, Mantoniella squamata, exhibits a modified 599 violaxanthin-zeaxanthin cycle in which antheraxanthin, not zeaxanthin, 600 accumulates during high light exposure, due to the slow de-epoxidation 601 of antheraxanthin combined with a fast epoxidation of zeaxanthin 602[106,107].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse mechanisms for photoprotection in photosynthesis. Dynamic regulation of photosystem II excitation in response to rapid environmental change

Derks

Schaven

Bruce

2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics

219

160

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Photosystem II (PSII) of photosynthesis catalyzes one of the most challenging reactions in nature, the light driven oxidation of water and release of molecular oxygen. PSII couples the sequential four step oxidation of water and two step reduction of plastoquinone to single photon photochemistry with charge accumulation centers on both its electron donor and acceptor sides. Photon capture, excitation energy transfer, and trapping occur on a much faster time scale than the subsequent electron transfer and charge accumulation steps. A balance between excitation of PSII and the use of the absorbed energy to drive electron transport is essential. If the absorption of light energy increases and/or the sink capacity for photosynthetically derived electrons decreases, potentially deleterious side reactions may occur, including the production of reactive oxygen species. In response, a myriad of fast (second to minutes timescale) and reversible photoprotective mechanisms are observed to regulate PSII excitation when the environment changes more quickly than can be acclimated to by gene expression. This review compares the diverse photoprotective mechanisms that are used to dissipate (quench) PSII excitation within the antenna systems of higher land plants, green algae, diatoms, and cyanobacteria. The molecular bases of how PSII excitation pressure is sensed by the antenna system and how the antenna then reconfigures itself from a light harvesting to an energy dissipative mode are discussed.

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confidence: 99%

Diverse mechanisms for photoprotection in photosynthesis. Dynamic regulation of photosystem II excitation in response to rapid environmental change

Derks

Schaven

Bruce

2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics

219

160

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“…The dynamics of Fv/Fm and NPQ in transgenic and WT plants after chilling-low irradiance treatment are shown in Figure 6. Thermal dissipation acts as a main way to alleviate photoinhibition [11,31]. NPQ is a light-inducible process that competes and diverts absorbed energy from photochemistry to balance light harvesting and photosynthetic performance [16,32].…”

Section: Effects Of Chilling-low Light Treatment On Npq and Fv/fm Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and characterization of ClZE, a zeaxanthin epoxidase gene in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Liu

Yao

et al. 2017

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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In this study, a watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) zeaxanthin epoxidase gene, ClZE, was isolated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) together with RNA ligase-mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RLM-RACE). The full cDNA sequence of ClZE is 2535 bp in length containing a 1998 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes 665 amino acids. ClZE was shown to share high homology with the putative ZE genes in other plant species. Prediction analysis revealed that ClZE bears two large conservative domains, including Pyr_redox and FHA (forkheadassociated domain). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that ClZE shares high similarity (94.8%) with CsZE from Cucumis sativus, but is far from the ZE genes of other species. Prokaryotic expression indicated that ClZE possessed the apparent molecular mass consistent with its calculated molecular mass of 73.1 KDa. Based on quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), ClZE was shown to be down-regulated under chilling-low irradiance stress in watermelon leaves. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines harbouring ClZE were generated to test the gene function in mediating plant response to chilling stress. The results indicated that the transgenic lines exhibited decreased nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry (Fv/Fm), increased activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and elevated content of malondialdehyde (MDA) relative to the wild type (WT) under chilling-low irradiance stress. In addition, overexpression of ClZE resulted in impaired xanthophyll cycle and aggravated PSII photoinhibition under chilling-low irradiance. All the results together suggested that ClZE plays major roles in regulating the photoinhibition behaviour.

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“…In Chapter 4, it was found that levels of LHCSR3, the dominant protein responsible for energy dependent quenching (qE), was reduced under fluctuating light cycles in comparison to nonfluctuating light of the same Iavg, supported also by Quaas et al (2015) who showed that the amplitude of NPQ was a result of acclimation to different light intensities for six algae species. Thus the work in Chapter 4 suggests that the molecular switches responsible for inducing this protein also appear to be affected by the light fraction and the 'perceived' rather than average light, in a similar manner to …”

Section: Npq Capacity (Npqmax)mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Moreover, Quaas et al (2015) found that NPQ responses in six algal species were based on an acclimated response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, many models neglected NPQ or did not consider it a dynamic process, although more recent models are now incorporating NPQ dynamics (Nikolaou et al, 2015. Uniquely here, the magnitude of NPQ in algae, NPQmax is modelled using the assumption that it is governed by expression levels of LHCSR3, which has been experimentally demonstrated by several groups (Bonente et al, 2011, Peers et al, 2009, Quaas et al, 2015.…”

Section: Available Light For Photochemistry As Governed By the Light mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photosynthesis of microalgae in outdoor mass cultures and modelling its effects on biomass productivity for fuels, feeds and chemicals

Yarnold¹

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Practical applications of microalgae include uses as feedstocks for sustainable fuels, feeds, nutraceuticals, and chemicals; for the treatment of wastewater and industrial flue gas; and for use as recombinant protein expression systems. Improvements in biomass yields are required for commercially viable and sustainable algal technologies, particularly for low value commodities such as biofuels.Although several algae exhibit higher growth rates than terrestrial crops, with theoretical upper limits of 8-10% photon conversion efficiency (PCE), solar-illuminated outdoor microalgal production systems typically have a PCE far below this and even below those achieved under laboratory conditions. The most intractable limiting factor is poor light distribution through the mass culture, where photoinhibitory light at the surface and dark zones deeper in the culture reduce photosynthetic productivity. Moreover, microalgae have evolved a suite of photoacclimation and photoregulation mechanisms to cope with rapid (seconds to minutes) light fluxes in natural environments, yet these processes remain poorly understood in well-mixed photobioreactors.The aim of this thesis study was to combine an experimental and theoretical approach to: 1) investigate and understand the photosynthetic response of algae under mass culture conditions; 2) develop a mathematical model which could accurately predict light-tobiomass productivities under a broad range of design scenarios for outdoor production systems; and 3) identify key biological and design parameters to maximise biomass yields.In the first part of the study, a light-to-biomass model was developed that could be easily applied to rapidly assess biomass yields of different algal strains under a range of design scenarios. This model predicts temporal and spatial irradiance at the reactor surface and through the mass culture with inputs of local solar radiation data, local coordinates, system properties and the optical properties of the culture. Local growth rates are then coupled to local light intensities within the reactor based on a static Haldane growth model derived from empirical growth-irradiance curves. Growth rates are integrated over space and time to compute areal and volumetric productivities.Validation of the model was attempted by conducting batch harvest experiments in a laboratory scale photobioreactor matrix which simulated diurnal light cycles representative of three 'typical' days of solar radiation in Brisbane. The strains used were ii Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and its truncated light-harvesting antenna mutant, tla1, reported to possess improved optical properties. Initially, the model did not satisfactorily predict growth under batch cultivation for the three different incident light conditions, overestimating productivity under low light days and overestimating on high light days.Subsequent adjustment of the model to include photoacclimative changes in the optical properties of the cell and a re-fit of the growth parameter values provided a more accurate m...

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Non-photochemical quenching and xanthophyll cycle activities in six green algal species suggest mechanistic differences in the process of excess energy dissipation

Cited by 94 publications

References 52 publications

Diverse mechanisms for photoprotection in photosynthesis. Dynamic regulation of photosystem II excitation in response to rapid environmental change

Diverse mechanisms for photoprotection in photosynthesis. Dynamic regulation of photosystem II excitation in response to rapid environmental change

Molecular cloning and characterization of ClZE, a zeaxanthin epoxidase gene in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

Photosynthesis of microalgae in outdoor mass cultures and modelling its effects on biomass productivity for fuels, feeds and chemicals

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