Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress

Nama, Srilatha; Madireddi, Sai Kiran; Yadav, Ranay Mohan; Subramanyam, Rajagopal

doi:10.1007/s11120-018-0551-7

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…During photosynthesis, some of the unused light energy is dissipated. Y (NPQ) reflects the dissipation of excess light energy in the form of heat, representing photoprotection (Nama et al, 2018). Y (NO) indicates the excess light energy not lost to heat dissipation, representing photodamage (Christof Klughammer, 2008;Erhard and Schreiber, 2008;Nama et al, 2018).…”

Section: Nivalis Maintains Robust Photosynthetic Activity At Low Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Adaptation of the Snow Alga Chlamydomonas nivalis Is Associated With the Photosynthetic System Regulatory Process

et al. 2020

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The alga Chlamydomonas nivalis thrives in polar snow fields and on high-altitude mountain tops, and contributes significantly on primary production in the polar regions, however, the mechanisms underlying this adaptation to low temperatures are unknown. Here, we compared the growth, photosynthetic activity, membrane lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity of C. nivalis with those of the model alga C. reinhardtii, under grow temperature and low temperatures. C. nivalis maintained its photosynthetic activity in these conditions by reducing the light-harvesting ability of photosystem II and enhancing the cyclic electron transfer around photosystem I, both of which limited damage to the photosystem from excess light energy and resulted in ATP production, supporting cellular growth and other physiological processes. Furthermore, the increased cyclic electron transfer rate, carotenoid content, and antioxidant enzyme activities jointly regulated the reactive oxygen species levels in C. nivalis, enabling recovery from excess excitation energy and reduced photooxidative damage to the cell. Therefore, we propose a model in which adaptive mechanisms related to photosynthetic regulation promote the survival and even blooming of C. nivalis under polar environment, suggesting that C. nivalis can provide organic carbon sources as an important primary producer for other surrounding life in the polar regions for maintaining ecosystem.

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Section: Nivalis Maintains Robust Photosynthetic Activity At Low Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Adaptation of the Snow Alga Chlamydomonas nivalis Is Associated With the Photosynthetic System Regulatory Process

et al. 2020

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“…Continuous light exposure leads accumulation of biomass and the cellular over reduction and formation of ROS, which induced autophagy and lipids in microalgae (Shi et al, 2017). Our previous results indicate that PSI and PSII were damaged when cells were grown in high light (Nama et al, 2019 andYadav et al, 2020). Based on this result, we interpret that lipid accumulation in mutant strains could be explained that PSII or PSI is over reduce, which led to high ROS production.…”

Section: High Light Induces the Ros And Autophagy In Chlamydomonasmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Recently, we reported that the photosynthetic activity was severely affected in pgrl1 and pgr5 of C. reinhardtii when the cells were grown in high light (Yadav et al, 2020). We have also observed the non-photochemical quenching is substantially reduced in pgr5, which is supposed to protect the algae from high light that could harmlessly dissipate excess excitation energy as heat (Nama et al, 2019). The pgr5 cells were much more sensitive to high light (500 µmol photons m -2 s -1 ) when they grow in photoautotrophic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…So, if there is an increase in lipid content, there will be a decrease in another component like proteins. Previous studies show it decreased photosynthetic activity and disorganization of thylakoid membranes in C. reinhardtii under high light (Nama et al, 2019). However, how light intensity affects the biochemical pathways were not studied adequately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Autophagy induced accumulation of lipids inpgrl1andpgr5ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiunder high light

Chouhan

Devadasu

Yadav

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Chlamydomonas (C) reinhardtii cells (wild-type CC125 and 137AH, and cyclic electron transport dependant mutants pgrl1 and pgr5) were grown in high light 500 μmol photons m-2 s-1 where the growth was significantly enhanced after three days. The starch and lipid contents were also increased; however, starch content was decreased in pgr5. Further, the Nile Red fluorescence shows that a significant amount of lipid bodies were observed in pgr5 cells under high light. Similarly, the electron micrographs show that large vacuoles were formed in high light stress despite the change in stacks of grana structure. We also observed increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that could lead to autophagy. Inline, a significant increase of ATG8 protein was noticed in pgr5, which is a hallmark characteristic for autophagy formation. Consequently, the triacylglycerol (TAG) content was increased due to DGAT and PDAT enzymes' expression, especially in pgr5. Here, the TAG synthesis would have been obtained from degraded membrane lipids in pgr5. Additionally, mono, polyunsaturated, and saturated fatty acids were identified more in the high light condition. Our study shows that the high light induces ROS, leads to autophagy and TAGs accumulation, which is stored as an energy source to acclimatize the algae.

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“…Primary antibodies were diluted as follows: PsaA (1:5,000); CP47 (1:1,000); LHCSR1 (1:1,000); LHCSR3 (1:4,000); LHCBM5 (1:5,000), which reacts with the three major LHCBMs (e.g. Nama et al, 2019; https://www.agrisera.com/en/ artiklar/lhcbm5-.html); ATPC (1:2,000); and Cyt f (1:3,000). All antibodies were from Agrisera (Sweden).…”

Section: Biochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Exhibits De Facto Constitutive NPQ Capacity in Physiologically Relevant Conditions

2019

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The photosynthetic apparatus must be able to withstand light conditions that exceed its capacity for carbon fixation. Photosynthetic organisms developed nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), a process that dissipates excess absorbed light energy as heat and limits the production of reactive oxygen species and cellular damage. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the LHCSR pigment-binding proteins are essential for NPQ. These complexes are not constitutively present in the thylakoid membranes; however, in laboratory conditions their expression depends on prior high light exposure of cells. To investigate the role of NPQ, we measured cells grown under a day-night cycle with a high light peak at midday. LHCSRs are present and NPQ is active consistently throughout the day, likely due to their slow degradation in vivo. This suggests that in physiologically relevant conditions, Chlamydomonas cells are prepared to immediately activate photoprotection, as is the case in vascular plants. We further reveal that state transitions are fully functional under these conditions and that PsbS is highly expressed throughout the day, suggesting it might have a more impactful role than previously thought.

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Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress

Cited by 27 publications

References 66 publications

Low-Temperature Adaptation of the Snow Alga Chlamydomonas nivalis Is Associated With the Photosynthetic System Regulatory Process

Low-Temperature Adaptation of the Snow Alga Chlamydomonas nivalis Is Associated With the Photosynthetic System Regulatory Process

Autophagy induced accumulation of lipids inpgrl1andpgr5ofChlamydomonas reinhardtiiunder high light

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Exhibits De Facto Constitutive NPQ Capacity in Physiologically Relevant Conditions

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