Non-proliferative neurogenesis in human periodontal ligament stem cells

Abstract

Understanding the sequence of events from undifferentiated stem cells to neuron is not only important for the basic knowledge of stem cell biology, but also for therapeutic applications. In this study we examined the sequence of biological events during neural differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Here, we show that hPDLSCs-derived neural-like cells display a sequence of morphologic development highly similar to those reported before in primary neuronal cultures derived from rodent brains. We observed that cell proliferation is not present through neurogenesis from hPDLSCs. Futhermore, we may have discovered micronuclei movement and transient cell nuclei lobulation coincident to in vitro neurogenesis. Morphological analysis also reveals that neurogenic niches in the adult mouse brain contain cells with nuclear shapes highly similar to those observed during in vitro neurogenesis from hPDLSCs. Our results provide additional evidence that it is possible to differentiate hPDLSCs to neuron-like cells and suggest the possibility that the sequence of events from stem cell to neuron does not necessarily requires cell division from stem cell.

Potential of resveratrol in enrichment of neural progenitor-like cell induction of human stem cells from apical papilla

“…First are structural appearances that included cytoskeletal proteins. The differentiated cells exhibited a neuronal shape which positively detected neural cytoskeletal proteins such as β-III tubulin and neurofilament [12,13,20] or neuronal cell-specific markers such as Nestin, CD133, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), MAP-2, enolase, and synaptophysin [11,15,20,21]. Second are functional characteristics involving functional neuronal networks, intercellular communication [40,41], and intracellular signaling cascades [12,23].…”

“…MSCs can be characterized by differentiation into at least 3 specialized lineages: adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes [8]. Moreover, neuronal cells can be generated from MSCs by administration of extrinsic factors in the neuronal induction medium as demonstrated in several MSCs-derived tissues, including the adipose tissue [9], bone marrow [10], umbilical cord [11], cord blood [12], periodontal ligament [13], and both deciduous and permanent teeth [14]. Therefore, MSCs are an efficient stem cell source for neuronal differentiation.…”

Potential of resveratrol in enrichment of neural progenitor-like cells induction of human stem cells from apical papilla

“…Firstly, structural appearances that included cytoskeletal proteins. The differentiated cells exhibited neuronal shaped which positively detected neural cytoskeletal proteins such as β-III tubulin, neuro lament (12,13,20) or neuronal cell speci c markers such as Nestin, CD133, glial brillary acid protein (GFAP), MAP-2, enolase, synaptophysin (11,15,20,21). Secondly, functional characteristics involving functional neuronal networks, intercellular communication (40,41), and intracellular signaling cascades (12,23).…”

Differentiation of human adult-derived stem cells towards a neural lineage involves a de-differentiation event prior to re-differentiation to neural phenotypes

“…In a recent study 24 , we showed that human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (hPDLSCs) can directly differentiate into neuron-like cells without passing through any mitotic stages. When hPDLSCs were exposed to a neural induction medium, we found that they rapidly underwent a dramatic change in shape and size; they initially adopted highly irregular forms before gradually contracting into round cells (neurogenesis).…”